Leishmanicidal activity of Aspidosperma nitidum Benth. Ex Müll. Arg
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i2.12646Keywords:
Aspidosperma; Leismania; Extract; Fraction.Abstract
Drug treatment for leishmaniasis can lead to several adverse reactions, and therapy-resistant isolates of Leishmania have already been found. In this scenario, the search for therapeutic alternatives and alkaloids, isolated from plants belonging to the genus Aspidosperma, has proved to be promising as antiparasitic. The present study evaluated the antipromastigote, amastigote and cytotoxicity activity of the extract and fractions belonging to A. nitidum. The ethanol extract of the shells (EE) was obtained by maceration and submitted to an acid:base partition, with the FN and FA fractions being obtained. In addition, the EE was subjected to fractionation under reflux, obtaining the fractions FrHEX, FrDCL, FrAcOEt and FrMeOH. The antipromastigote activity in L. amazonesis and cytotoxicity to macrophages were evaluated using the viability test (MTT). After the invasion of macrophages by the parasite, the treatment was performed with different sample concentrations during 72 hours, followed by samples staining and reading under the optical microscope. Only FrDCL was moderately active against promastigotes (IC50=105.7 µg/mL). However, EE (IC50 = 23.87 µg/mL) and FA (IC50 = 18.5 µg/mL) were shown to be active against amastigote, whereas in FrDCL (IC50 = 204.5 µg/mL) and FrHEX (IC50 = 143.0 µg/mL) moderate activity was observed. When samples cytoxicity is related to antiamastigote activity, the EE (CC50 = 491.8 µg/mL; IS = 21) seems to be more promising than the FA (CC50 = 209.1 µg/mL; IS = 11). In summary, A. nitidum is promise as a leishmanicide.
References
Arndt, R. R., Brown, S. H., Ling, N. C., Roller, P., Djeram, Carl. (1967). Alkaloid studies- LVIII: The alkaloids of six Aspidosperma species. Phytochemistry, 6, 1653- 1658.
Blackmore, C. G., McNaughton, P. A., Veen, H. W. V. (2001). Multidrug transporters in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells: physiological functions and transport mechanisms. Molecular Membrane Biology, 18, 97-103.
Camacho, M. D. R., Phillipson, J. D., Croft, S. L., Rock, P., Marshall, S. J., Schiff Jr, P. L. (2002). In vitro activity of Triclisia patens and some Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloids against Leishmania donovani and Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Phytotherapy Research, 16, 432–436.
Chulay, J. D., Spencer, H. C., Mugambi, M. (1985). Electrocardiographic changes during treatment of leishmaniasis with pentavalent antimony (sodium stibogluconate). American Journal Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 34, 702-709.
Chulay, J. D., Fleckenstein, L., Smith, D. H.. (1988). Phamacokinetics of antimony during treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with sodium stibogluconate or meglumine antimoniate. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 82, 69-72.
Croft, S. L., & Yardley, V. (2002). Chemotherapy of leishmaniasis. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 8(4), 319-342.
Delorenzi, J. C., Attias, M., Gattass, C. R., Andrade, M., Rezende, C., Pinto, A. C., Henriques, A. T., Bou-Habib, D. C., Saraiva, E. M. B. (2001). Antileishmanial activity of an indole alkaloid from Peschiera australis. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 45(5), 1349-1345.
Dolabela, M. F. (2007). Atividade antiplasmódica e citotoxidade de Esenbeckia febifuga (A.St-hil.) Juss. ex Mart. (Rutaceae) e de espécies do gênero Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae) (Tese doutorado).
English, B. J., & Williams, R. M. (2010) A divergent strategy for the synthesis of secologanin derived natural product. Journal of Organic Chemistry Research, 75, 7869-7876.
Ferreira, I. C. P., Lonardoni, M. V. C., Machado, G. M. C., Leon, L. L., Gobbi Filho, L., Pinto, L. H. B., Oliveira, A. J. B. (2004). Anti-leishmanial activity of alkaloidal extract from Aspidosperma ramiflorum. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 99(3), 325-327.
Franke, E. D., Wignall, S., Cruz, M. E., Rosales, E., Tovar, A. A., Lucas, C.M. (1990). Alejando Llanos-Cuentas, MD; and Jonathan D. Berman. Efficacy and toxicity of sodium stibogluconate for mucosal leishmaniasis. Annals of Internal Medicine, 113, 934-40.
Gomes, L.F. S. (2011). Abordagem fitoquímica, determinação da atividade antiplasmódica in vitro e avaliação preliminar da toxicidade do extrato hidroetánolico das cascas de Aspidosperma excelsum Benth (Apocynaceae) (Dissertação Mestrado).
Leslie, E., Deeleyb, R. G., Cole, S. P. C. (2005). Multidrug resistance proteins: role of P-glycoprotein, MRP1, MRP2 and BCRP (ABCG2) in tissue defense. Toxicology Applied Pharmacology, 204, 216-237.
Lima, E. B., Porto, C., Motta, J. O. C., Sampaio, R. N. R. (2007). Tratamento da leishmaniose tegumentar americana. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, v. 82(2), 111-124.
Marsden, P. D. (1994). Mucosal leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in Três Braços, Bahia-Brazil. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 27(2), 93-101.
Martins, T. M. (2012). Estudo farmacognóstico, fitoquímico e atividades biológicas de Aspidosperma nitidum Benth. Ex Mull. Arg. (Dissertação mestrado).
Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65, 55-63.
Mota, E. F., Rosario, D. M., Veiga, A. S. S., Brasil, D. S. B., Silveira, F. T., Dolabela, M. F. (2015). Biological activities of Croton palanostigma Klotzsch. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 11(43), 1-6.
Naiff, M.F., Cupolillo, E., Naiff, R.D., Momen, H., Barret, T.V., Grimaldi Jr, G. (1999). Leishmaniose tegumentar americana na Amazônia: distribuição geográfica dos agentes etiológicos na região. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 32(1), 1-243.
Nascimento, P. C., Silveira, E. R. (2006). Alcalóides indólicos de Aspidosperma nitidum. In: Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira de Química, 31, Águas de Lindóia. Resumo. São Paulo.
Nascimento, P. C., Araújo, R. M., Silveira, E. R. (2006). Aplicação da CLAE na análise fitoquímica de Aspidosperma nitidum. In: Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira de Química, 29., Águas de Lindóia. Resumo. São Paulo, 2006.
Nascimento, S. M. (2013). Investigação fitoquímica e das atividades antioxidante e antiparasitária do extrato e frações de Aspidosperma excelsum Benth. (Dissertação Mestrado).
Neves, L. O., Talhari, A. C., Gadelha, E. P. N., Silva Júnior, R. M., Guerra, J. A. O., Ferreira, L. C. L., Talhari, S. (2011). Estudo clínico randomizado comparando antimoniato de meglumina, pentamidina e anfotericina B para o tratamento da leishmaniose cutânea ocasionada por Leishmania guyanensis. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, 86(6), 1092-1101.
Ngure, P. K., Tonui, W. K., Ingonga, J., Mutai, C., Kigondu, E., Ng’ang’a, Z., Rukunga, G., Kimutai, A. (2009). In vitro antileishmanial activity of extracts of Warburgia ugandensis (Canellaceae), a Kenyan medicinal plant. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 3(2), 61-66.
Nunes, R. K. (2008). Avaliação da atividade tripanocida e leishmanicida de produtos naturais da flora mato-grossense. (Monografia Trabalho de conclusão de curso).
Olliaro, P. L., Bryceson, A. D. M. (1993). Pratical progress and new drugs for changing patterns of leishmaniasis. Parasitology. Today, 9(9), 323-328.
Padrón-Nieves, M., & Ponte-Sucre, A. (2015). Marcadores de resistencia en Leishmania: Susceptibilidad in vitro a drogas leishmanicidas vs retención de calceina en aislados de pacientes venezolanos con Leishmaniasis Cutánea Difusa. Archivos Venezolanos de Farmacología y Terapéutica, 34(4), 53-57.
Pereiraa, M. M., Souza Júnior, S. N., Alcântara, A. F. C., Piló-Veloso, D., Alves, R. B., Machado, P.O., Azevedo, A. O., Moreira, F. H., Castro, M. S. A., Raslan, D. S. Constituintes químicos e estudo biológico de Aspidosperma nitidum (Apocynaceae). Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais, 8(3), 1-8.
Pereirab, M. M., Alcântara, A. F. C., Piló-Veloso, D., Raslan, D. S. (2006). NMR structural analysis of Braznitidumine: a new indole alkaloid with 1,2,9- triazabicyclo[7.2.1] system, isolated from Aspidosperma nitidum (Apocynaceae). Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 17(7), 1274-1280.
Reimão, J. Q. (2009). Estudo da atividade anti-leishmania de compostos de invertebrados marinhos brasileiros. (Dissertação mestrado).
Robert, G. M. T., Ahond, A., Poupat, C., Potie, P. (1983). Aspidosperma de Guyane: Alcaloides de Aspidosperma Marcgravianum. Journal of Natural Products, 46(5), 694-707.
Silva-Silva, J.V., Brigido, H. P. C., Albuquerque, K. C. O., Carvalho, J. M., Reis, J. F., Faria, L. V., Coelho-Ferreira, M. R., Silveira, F.T., Carneiro, A. S., Percário, S., Marinho, A. M. R., Dolabela, M. F. (2019). Flavopereirine—An alkaloid derived from Geissospermum vellosii—presents leishmanicidal activity in vitro. Molecules, 24(785), 1-13.
Silva, M. G. F. 2018. Estudo da atividade antioxidante e citotóxica do extrato etanólico, frações e tinturas comerciais de Solidago chilensis Meyen e Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi obtidos na região metropolitana do Recife-PE. (Dissertação mestrado).
Tanaka, J. C. A., Silva, C. C., Ferreira, I. C. P., Machado, G. M. C., Leonc, L. L., Oliveira, A. J. B. (2007). Antileishmanial activity of indole alkaloids from Aspidosperma ramiflorum. Phytomedicine, 14, 377-380.
Torres, Z. E. S. (2012). Contribuição ao conhecimento químico de plantas do nordeste do Brasil: Aspidosperma ulei Markgr. (Tese doutorado).
Uchoa, D. E. A. (2006). Aplicação de técnicas contemporâneas de ressonância magnética nuclear no estudo fitoquímico de Aspidosperma ulei. (Dissertação mestrado).
Vale, V.V., Vilhena, T. C., Trindade, R. C. S., Ferreira, M. R. C., Percário, S., Soares, L. F., Pereira, W. L. A., Brandão, G. C. , Oliveira, A. B., Dolabela, M. F. Vasconcelos, F. (2015). Anti-malarial activity and toxicity assessment of Himatanthus articulatus, a plant used to treat malaria in the Brazilian Amazon. Malaria Journal, 14(132), 1-10.
Verpoorte, R., Ruigrok, C. L. M., Svendsen, A. B. (1982). Medicinal Plants of Surinam II: Antimicrobial Active Alkaloids from Aspidosperma marcgravianum. Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, 46, 149—152.
WHO (World Health Organization). Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. (2019). Obtido em: https://www.who.int/gho/neglected_diseases/leishmaniasis/en/.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Andreza do Socorro Silva da Veiga; Fernando Tobias Silveira; Andrey Moacir do Rosario Marinho; Rafaela Cabral dos Santos da Trindade; Marliane Batista Campos; Maria Fani Dolabela
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
