Teaching in Disadvantaged Schools: A Cross-Cultural Exploration of Millennial American and Filipino Teachers

Authors

  • Donne Jone Panizales Sodusta National Dong Hwa University University of the Philippines Visayas, Philippines
  • Rosalea Cornelia Araneta De Leon University of the Philippines Diliman West Visayas State University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v8i11.1386

Keywords:

millennial teachers; disadvantaged schools; counter-culture; TED Talks.

Abstract

Using an interpretive thematic analysis of two American and two Filipino Millennial teachers’ TED Talk and TEDx Talks online video files, this paper aimed to explore the values, beliefs, and worldviews underlying their apparently counter-culture decision to teach in disadvantaged public schools in high poverty rate areas. Through a contextualist lens and using Lloyd Kwast’s model of culture, a cross-cultural comparison of the cultural components of their decisions revealed through their speeches revealed subtle yet fundamental intra-group similarities and differences. Analysis revealed that young American teachers’ values revolve around equity and justice while the Filipinos’ were on children and community welfare. The Americans beliefs centered on the potency of socio-economic opportunities and attitude while the Filipinos believed in the capacity sincere contribution and the highlighting of positive aspects to get things done. Despite these, there appears to be hints of similarities between these two groups until this point. The fundamental difference was revealed in their worldviews. The American worldview was based on the idea and vision of the Enlightenment notions that founded their nation. The Filipinos’ worldviews were based on living with and consequently finding themselves in others. Underneath the counter-culture decision to teach in disadvantaged schools, lies the fundamental cultural differences consisting of rich latent networks and motivations unique to the society and context where they thrive.

References

Abowitz, D. A. (2005). Social Mobility and the American Dream: What Do College Students Believe? College Student Journal, 39(4), 716–728. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19705209&site=eds-live

Anderson, B. (1983). Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. London: Verso.

Arnett, J.J. (2005). Youth cultures and societies in transition: The challenges of growing up in a globalizing world. In Youth in transition: The challenges of generational change in Asia. Gale, F. & Fahey, S. (Eds.). Canberra: The Association of Asian Social Science Research Councils, pp. 22-35.

Ballantine, J.H. & Spade, J.Z. (Eds.) (2011). Schools and society: A sociological approach to education. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Banks, J. (2012). Multicultural education, dimensions of. In J. A. Banks (Ed.), Encyclopedia of diversity in education (Vol. 1, pp. 1539-1547). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. doi: 10.4135/9781452218533.n494

Banks, J.A. & Banks, C.M. (Eds.) (2002). Multicultural education: Issues and perspectives. 4th ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Barker, C. (2004). Counterculture. In The SAGE dictionary of cultural studies (pp. 36-37). London: SAGE Publications Ltd. DOI: 10.4135/9781446221280.n45

Bautista, M.C., Bernardo, A., & Ocampo, D. (2008). When reforms don‟t transform: Reflections on institutional reforms in the Department of Education. HDN Discussion Paper Series, 2(2008/2009), 1 – 64. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0a40/4ae4f8ab16ecc5903c637c3528699afe2aab.pdf

Bennet, C.I. (2007). Comprehensive multicultural education: Theory and practice. 6th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson-Allyn and Bacon.

Bernardo, A.B.I. (2008). Social scientists and educationists: Bridging cultural divides. In The paradox of Philippine education reform: Social science perspectives. Bernardo, A.B.I. (Ed.). Quezon City: Philippine Social Science Council.

Bolich, A. (2001). Reduce your losses: Help new teachers become veteran teachers. Atlanta, GA: Southern Regional Education Board. Available: http://publications.sreb.org/2001/01S05_teacherattrition.pdf

Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology. 3: 77-101. DOI: 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Coggshall, J.G., Behrstock-Sherrat, E., Drill, K. Menon, R. & Cushing, E. (2011). Workplaces that support high-performing teaching and learning: Insights from Generation Y teachers. Naperville, IL: American Institutes for Research. https://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloads/report/GenerationY_Workplaces_That_Support_Teaching_and_Learning_0.pdf

Commission on Higher Education, Republic of the Philippines (2017). Higher education graduates by discipline group: AY 2006-2007 to 2016-2017. Retrieved from http://ched.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Higher-Education-Enrollment-by-Discipline-Group.pdf .

DeSena, J. N. (2006). “What’s a Mother To Do?”: Gentrification, School Selection, and the Consequences for Community Cohesion. American Behavioral Scientist, 50(2), 241–257. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764206290639

De Guia, K. (2005). Kapwa: the self in the other: worldviews and lifestyles of Filipino culture-bearers. Pasig City: Anvil Publishing.

Durban, J.M. & Catalan, R.D. (2012). Issues and concerns of Philippine education through the years. Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities. 1(2): 61-69. http://www.ajssh.leena-luna.co.jp/AJSSHPDFs/Vol.1%282%29/AJSSH2012%281.2-08%29.pdf

Escarlos, G. & Tan, D. (2017). Motives, attitudes, and performance, of teacher education students in Southern Bukidnon, Philippines. International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research. 6(10): 2—25. http://www.ijstr.org/final-print/oct2017/Motives-Attitudes-And-Performance-Of-Teacher-Education-Students-In-Southern.pdf

Gay, G. (2000). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice. New York: Teachers’ College Press.

Giroux, H. (1997). Pedagogy and the politics of hope: Theory, culture, and schooling, a Critical Reader, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

Goodenough, W. (2003). In pursuit of culture. Annual Review of Anthropology. 32: 1-12. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.anthro.32.061002.093257

Guarino, C. M., Santibañez, L., & Daley, G. A. (2006). Teacher Recruitment and Retention: A Review of the Recent Empirical Literature. Review of Educational Research, 76(2), 173–208. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543076002173

Gulson, K.N. (2009). Wither the neighborhood? Education policy, neoliberal globalization and gentrification. Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, 108(2): 148-159. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7984.2009.01166.x

Hanushek, E. & Pace, R. (1995). Who chooses to teach (and why)? Economics of Education Review, 14(2): 101-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7757(95)90392-L

Ingersoll, R. & Merrill, L. (2010). Who’s teaching our children? Educational Leadership, 67(8): 14-20. http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/may10/vol67/num08/Who's-Teaching-Our-Children%C2%A2.aspx

Keith, K.D. (2011). Cross-cultural psychology: Contemporary themes and perspectives. West Sussex, UK: Blackwell.

Kelly, P. (2014). Understanding Intergenerational Social Mobility: Filipino Youth in Canada. IRPP Study 45. Montreal: Institute for Research on Public Policy. http://irpp.org/wp-content/uploads/assets/research/diversity-immigration-and-integration/filipino-youth/kelly-feb-2014.pdf

Kwast, L. (1992). Understanding culture. Perspectives on the world Christian movement. 2nd ed. Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library.

Laungani, P.D. (2006). Understanding cross-cultural psychology: Eastern and western perspectives. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Lyons, S. T., Schweitzer, L., Ng, E. S., & Kuron, L. K. (2012). Comparing apples to apples: A qualitative investigation of career mobility patterns across four generations. Career Development International, 17(4), 333-357. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431211255824

Maligalig, D. & Albert, J. (2008). Measures for assessing basic education in the Philippines. In The paradox of Philippine education reform: Social science perspectives. Bernardo, A.B.I. (Ed.). Quezon City: Philippine Social Science Council.

McLaren, P. (2005). Capitalists and Conquerors. Boulder: Rowman and Littlefield.

Medina, B.T.G. (2005). The Filipino family: A text with selected readings. 2nd Ed. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.

Miles, E. (2014, February). Our neighborhoods: Elijah Miles at TEDxBaltimore 2014 [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qaue72D9p_I.

Ongkiko, S. (2013, February). Our return of investment: Sabsy Ongkiko at TEDxADMU [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FgOi4ZR57fA .

Philippine Business for Education (2018). Our programs. https://www.pbed.ph/ .

Provenzo, E. F. (2002). Teaching, learning and schooling: A 21st century perspective. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

Renzetti. C. & Curran, J. (2004). Living sociology. 2nd Ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

Richardson, P.W. & Watt, H.M.G. (2006). Who chooses teaching and why? Profiling characteristics and motivations across three Australian universities. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 34(1): 27-56. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.497.7146&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Scholarships for Teacher Education Programs to Upgrade Teacher Quality in the Philippines (STEP UP) (2018). About us. Philippine Business for Education. http://www.stepupph.org/about/ .

Seppanen, S. & Gualtieri, W. (2012). The millennial generation: Research review. Washington, DC: The National Chamber Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.uschamberfoundation.org/sites/default/files/article/foundation/MillennialGeneration.pdf

Shiraev, E.B. & Levy, D.A. (2013). Cross-cultural psychology: Critical thinking and contemporary applications. 5th Ed. New York: Routledge.

Sullivan, A. (2001). Cultural Capital and Educational Attainment. Sociology, 35(4), 893–912. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038501035004006

Sumner, K. (2015, November). Kandice Sumner: How America’s public schools keep kids in poverty [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.ted.com/talks/kandice_sumner_how_america_s_public_schools_keep_kids_in_poverty

Teach for the Philippines (2018). About: Our story. http://teachforthephilippines.org/about/

Villafuerte, D. (2015, June). Delfin Villafuerte: Finding f(x): Why I teach for the Philippines [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pZcFz7X_W6U

Willig, C. (2013). Introducing qualitative research in psychology. 3rd ed. Maidenhead, Berkshire, England: Open University Press.

Wren, T. (2012). Conceptions of culture: What multicultural educators need to know. Plymouth, UK: Rowman and Littlefield.

Zhou, M., Lee, J., Vallejo, J. A., Tafoya-Estrada, R., & Sao, Y. (2008). Success Attained, Deterred, and Denied: Divergent Pathways to Social Mobility in Los Angeles’s New Second Generation. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 620(1), 37–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716208322586

Downloads

Published

26/08/2019

How to Cite

SODUSTA, D. J. P.; DE LEON, R. C. A. Teaching in Disadvantaged Schools: A Cross-Cultural Exploration of Millennial American and Filipino Teachers. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 8, n. 11, p. e418111386, 2019. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v8i11.1386. Disponível em: https://www.rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/1386. Acesso em: 23 apr. 2024.

Issue

Section

Education Sciences