Pecan tree in agroforestry system
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15637Keywords:
Cultivars; Vegetative development; Dichogamy; Protandry; Protogeny.Abstract
The biodiverse agroforestry systems are a soil management strategy that seeks to promote beneficial interactions between biotic and abiotic components. Pecan is a long-lived and large-sized tree species that will decisively influence the systems it integrates. The objective of this work is to establish patterns of behavior of pecan cultivars within the agroforestry system. The experiment was carried out between 2015 and 2017, the cultivar was the factor of variation evaluated, considering four treatments: ‘Barton’, ‘Cape Fear’, ‘Desirable’ and ‘Shawnee’. The variables analyzed were: plant height and diameter; number of buds per branch; number of branches; branch diameter and length; number of leaves per branch and number of branches at the end of the cycle; leaf area; number of leaflets, fresh and dry weight; number of racemes and flowers; inflorescences and ant attack and. Regarding reproductive behavior , the cultivar Barton showed protandric type dicogamy, 'Cape Fear' oscillated the behavior, showing itself to be protogynic in the first harvest and protandrous in the following. ‘Barton’ and ‘Cape Fear’ demonstrated better reproductive performance than ‘Desirable’ and ‘Shawnee’ in agroforestry systems, however, studies that include the reproductive phase and consider other cultivars are required.
References
Andales, A., Wang, J., Sammis, T. W., Mexal, J. G., Simmons, L. J., Miller, D. R. & Gutschick, V. (2006). A modelo of pecan tree growth for the management of pruning and irrigation. Agricultural Water Management, 84 (1-2), 77-88.
Arreola-Avila, J. G., Murrieta, A. L. & Rosa, A. B. DE LA. (2010) . Inducción de crecimiento lateral em nogal pecanero (Carya illinoensis K. Koch) mediante despuente de brotes em primavera. Revista Chapingo, 16 (1), 31-36.
http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/rcsh/v16n1/v16n1a5.pdf
Boscardin, J., Costa, E. C., Paulus, E., Machado, D. DO N., Pedron, L. & Silva, P. G. DA. (2017). Crescimento de nogueira-pecã sob diferentes preparos do solo e coveamentos: coleópteros como bioindicadores. Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira, 37 (92), 587-596.
https://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/1496/614
Carvalho, R., Goedert, W. J. & Armando, M. S. (2004). Atributos físicos da qualidade do solo sob sistema agroflorestal. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 39 (11), 1153-1155.
https://www.scielo.br/pdf/pab/v39n11/22589.pdf
Dulley, R. D. (2003). Agricultura Orgânica, Biodinâmica, Natural, Agroecológica ou Ecológica. Informações Econômicas Agrícola, 33 (10), 96-99.
http://www.iea.sp.gov.br/OUT/publicacoes/pdf/seto3-1003.pdf
Ewert, M., Venturieri, G. A., Steenbock, W. & Seoane, C. E. S. (2016). Sistemas agroflorestais multiestrata e a legislação ambiental brasileira: desafios e soluções. Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, 36, 95-114.
file:///C:/Users/Usuario/Downloads/39944-177254-1-PB.pdf
Fronza, D., Poletto, T. & Hamann, J. J. (2013). O cultivo da nogueira-pecã. Santa Maria: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Colégio Politécnico, Núcleo de Fruticultura Irrigada.
Fronza, D., Hamann, J. J., Both, V., Anese, R. de O. & Meyer, E. A. (2018). Pecan cultivation: general aspects. Ciência Rural, 48 (2), 1-9.
https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018000200201
Machado Filho, G. C. & Silva, F. R. da. (2012) . Benefícios sociais, econômicos e ambientais dos sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) em pequenas propriedades rurais. Inclusão Social, 6 (1), 219-225.
file:///C:/Users/Usuario/Downloads/1704-Texto%20do%20artigo-2408-1-10-20160328.pdf
Nair, P. K. R. (1993). An introduction to agroforestry. Dodrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers e ICRAF, 51, 246-248.
Reid, W. & Hunt, K. L. (2000). Pecan Production in the Northerm United States. HortTechnology, 10 (2), 298 – 301.
https://journals.ashs.org/horttech/view/journals/horttech/10/2/article-p298.xml
Reyes, M. R., Lavín A. A. (2014). Frutales de Nuez, Cinco alternativas no tradicionales para el secano interior del Maule. In: Reyes M. R.; Lavín A. A. Pecano (Carya illinoensis Koch.). Chillán. Boletín Inia 301. 138p.
file:///C:/Users/Usuario/Downloads/NR40190.pdf
Righi, C. A. & Bernardes, M. S. (2015). Cadernos da Disciplina Sistemas Agroflorestais. <https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/37740302/Cadernos_Disciplina_SAFs_2013_Montagem.pdf?responsecontentdispotion=inline%3B%20filename%3DCaderno_da_Sistemas_Agroflore.pdf&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-AmzCredential=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A%2F20191127%2Fus-east-1%Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20191127T113645Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=0c694baf1384dd19b3a8ee155d52aad0ddf3357944c73c1e1b92056fc3410e99#page=7. Acesso em: 25 nov. 2019.
Santos, H. G. Dos., Jacomine, P. K. T., Anjos, L. H. C. Dos, Oliveira, V. A. De., Lumbreras, J. F., Coelho, M. R., Almeida, J. A. De., Araujo Filho, J. C. De., Oliveira, J. B. De & Cunha, T. J. F. (2018). Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos. Embrapa, Rio de Janeiro, 5ª Ed., p.356.
https://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/handle/doc/1094003
Smith, M. W., Taylor, G. G., Karner, K. & Couvillon, G. A. (1989). Evaluation of Pecan/Peach Interplanting Systems. Scientia Horticulturae, 40(2), 133-137.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0304423889900952
Smith, M.W., Wolf, M. E.; Cheary, B. S. & Carroll, B. L. (2001). Allelopathy of Bermudagrass, Tall Fescue, Redroot Pigweed, and Cutleaf Evening Primrose on Pecan. HortScience, 36 (6), 1047-1048.
file:///C:/Users/Usuario/Downloads/Allelopathy_of_Bermudagrass_Tall_Fescue_Redroot_Pi.pdf
Vasconcelos, M. A. M., Pedroso, A. J . S., Resque, A. G. L., Birani, S. M. & Kato, O. R. (2015). Crédito e renda como fator de influência no uso da terra na região nordeste do estado do Pará. Cadernos de Agroecologia, 10 (3).
Wells, M. L. (2011). Response of Pecan Orchard Soil Chemical and Biological Quality Indicators to Poultry Litter Application and Clover Cover Crops. HortScience, 46 (2), 306-310.
file:///C:/Users/Usuario/Downloads/[23279834%20-%20HortScience]%20Response%20of%20Pecan%20Orchard%20Soil%20Chemical%20and%20Biological%20Quality%20Indicators%20to%20Poultry%20Litter%20Application%20and%20Clover%20Cover%20Crops.pdf
Worley, R. E., Dove, S. K., Mullinix JR, B. G. & Smith, M. (1992). Long-term dichogamy of 80 pecan cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae, 49, 93-101.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0304423892901464
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Maurício Gonçalves Bilharva ; Rafaela Schmidt de Souza ; Rudinei De Marco; Priscila da Silva Lúcio ; Carlos Roberto Martins; Joel Henrique Cardoso; Marcelo Barbosa Malgarim
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
