Influence of international commitments against torture on prison indicators: measuring human rights
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i1.25288Keywords:
International Cooperation; Human Rights Abuses; Prison Violence; Statistical analysis.Abstract
O Protocolo Facultativo à Convenção contra a Tortura e Outros Tratamentos ou Penas Cruéis, Desumanos ou Degradantes criou mecanismos de prevenção à tortura para ampliar a proteção dos direitos humanos das pessoas sob custódia. A intenção era garantir o tratamento adequado à população mais vulnerável a esse tipo de agressão. Mas será que o pacto de fato gera efeitos positivos aos países que o aderem? O objetivo do estudo é avaliar a influência do protocolo nos indicadores prisionais. Utilizou-se o método estatístico do teste t de duas amostras para comparar as médias dos indicadores dos países que ratificaram o protocolo e dos países que não o fizeram para verificar se a diferença entre os resultados era estatisticamente significativa. Para tanto, consideramos 5% de significância. Os resultados mostraram que a população adulta feminina dos países não ratificantes é maior do que a dos ratificantes. No entanto, em relação aos adultos do sexo masculino e à população jovem não houve diferença estatística. Sobre os presos sem sentença também não houve diferença nos percentuais médios entre os dois grupos de países. A mortalidade por causas externas e por suicídio atingiu taxas estatisticamente mais altas nos países que o ratificaram. Nas demais causas (causas naturais, homicídio, acidentais ou outras causas, e total de mortes) as diferenças entre as taxas encontradas não foram significativas.
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