Profile resistance of Escherichia coli in urocultures in 2020 in Cascavel/PR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i3.26643Keywords:
Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Urine; Uropathogenic Escherichia coli.Abstract
Introduction: urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequent in the population, second only to those that affect the respiratory system. This pathology affects both sexes, with a prevalence in females. The main cause of UTIs is uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), representing up to 80% of infections. The patient's symptoms may vary according to the anatomical site of the infection. The gold standard diagnosis of UTI is the uroculture with antibiogram, due to its possibility to identify the microorganism that is causing the infection and guide antibiotictherapy. As the treatment is usually made empirically, there is an increasement of bacterial resistance to the antibiotics used, making requiring studies to analyze the resistance profile of bacteria. Methodology: for the execution of this retrospective study, results for the year 2020 of positive urine cultures for E. coli with antibiogram from patients with community-acquired UTI were collected from a clinical analysis laboratory in Cascavel/PR. Results: 358 adequate results were obtained for the inclusion criteria. Of these, 84.63% were female. The age group most affected was from 0 to 4 years old, representing 22.90% of cases. Of the antibiotics studied, nalidixic acid, ampicillin with sulbactam, ampicillin, aztreonam, cephalothin, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, norfloxacin and trimethoprim with sulbactam were above the 20% resistance threshold. The other evaluated drugs showed resistance below 20%, making their practice viable. Conclusion: E. coli presented different prevalences and incidences between this and other studies, making its constant monitoring important.
References
Andrade, S., Sader, H., Jones, R., & Pereira, A. (2006). Increased resistance to first-line agents among bacterial pathogens isolated from urinary tract infections in Latin America: time for local guidelines? Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 101(7), pp .741–748. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762006000700006.
Andremont, A. (2003). Commensal Flora May Play Key Role in Spreading Antibiotic Resistance. ASM News, 69(12), pp. 601–607. Retirado de: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/22005337/commensal-flora-may-play-key-role-in-spreading-bvsde.
Bail, L., Ito, C., & Esmerino, L. (2006). Infecção do trato urinário: comparação entre o perfil de susceptibilidade e a terapia empírica com antimicrobianos. Rev. Bras. Anal. Clin., 38(1), pp. 51–56. https://doi.org/10.21877/2448-3877.201600497.
Bitencourt, J., & Pavanelli, M. (2014). Urinary infection in patients of public health care of Campo Mourão-pr, Brazil: Bacterial prevalence and sensitivity profile. J. Bras. Patol. Med. Lab., 50(5), pp. 346–351. https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20140038.
Blair, J., Webber, M., Baylay, A., Ogbolu, D., & Piddock, L. (2015). Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 13(1), pp. 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3380.
Braoios, A., Turatti, T., Meredija, L., Campos, T., & Denadai, F. (2009). Infecções do trato urinário em pacientes não hospitalizados: etiologia e padrão de resistência aos antimicrobianos Urinary tract infections in non hospitalized patients: etiology and antibiotic resistance patterns. J Bras Patol Med Lab, 45(6), pp. 449–456. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-24442009000600003.
Casanova, O., Penteado, S., & Linartevichi, V. (2019). Análise de interações medicamentosas em unidade de terapia intensiva em um hospital no sul do Brasil. FAG Journal of Health, 1(1), pp. 81-88. https://doi.org/10.35984/fjh.v1i1.6.
Costa, I., Mata, M., Souza, M., Pinto, S., Magalhães, S., Mendes, T., Costa, V., Motta, P., & Oliveira, M. (2019). Infecção do Trato Urinário Causada por Escherichia coli: literature review. Rev. Salusvita, 38(1), pp. 155–193. Retirado de: https://secure.unisagrado.edu.br/static/biblioteca/salusvita/salusvita_v38_n1_2019/salusvita_v38_n1_2019_art_12.pdf.
Costa, L., Belém, L., Silva, P., Pereira, H., Júnior, E., Leite, T., & Pereira, G. (2010). Infecções urinárias em pacientes ambulatoriais: prevalência e perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos. Rev. Bras. Anal. Clin., 42(3), pp. 175–180. Retirado de: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/lil-568092.
da Costa, A., & Silva Junior, A. (2017). Resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos e Saúde Pública: uma breve revisão de literatura. Estação Científica (UNIFAP), 7(2), pp. 45-57. https://doi.org/10.18468/estcien.2017v7n2.p45-57.
Dias, R., Marangoni, D., Smith, S., Alves, E., Pellegrino, F., Riley, L., & Moreira, B. (2009). Clonal Composition of Escherichia coli Causing Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Microb Drug Resist, 15(4), pp. 303–308. https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2009.0067.
Dias, V., da Silva, V., Firmo, E., Bastos, L., Bastos, A., Bastos, R., & Diniz, C. (2012). Distribution of ESBL-producing enterobacteria associated to community-acquired monomicrobial urinary tract infections and antimicrobial susceptibility trends over a 9-year period. J. Chemother., 24(3), pp. 178–181. https://doi.org/10.1179/1973947812Y.0000000006.
Estrela, C. (2018). Metodologia Científica: Ciência, Ensino, Pesquisa. Editora Artes Médicas.
Foxman, B. (2010). The epidemiology of urinary tract infection. Nature Reviews. Urology, 7(12), pp. 653–660. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrurol.2010.190.
Goulart, D. (2021). Urinary tract infection caused by antibiotic-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli: a major public health concern. Research, Society and Development, 10(16), e34101623190. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23190.
Haddad, J., & Fernandes, D. (2018). Infecção do trato urinário. Femina, 47(4), pp. 241–244. Retirado de: https://docs.bvsalud.org/biblioref/2019/12/1046514/femina-2019-474-241-244.pdf.
Harassim, L., Silva, O. L. F. da., Pinheiro, L. F. S., Santos, E. J. A. dos., Cerdeira, C. D., & Barros, G. B. S. (2021). Risk factors and profile of antimicrobial use among patients with urinary tract infection at an intensive care unit. Research, Society and Development, 10(3), e43910313516. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i3.13516.
Hilbert, D. (2011). Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli: The pre-eminent urinary tract infection pathogen. In E. coli Infections: Causes, Treatment and Prevention. Retirado de: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263350787_Uropathogenic_Escherichia_Coli_The_pre-eminent_urinary_tract_infection_pathogen.
Koch, C., Ribeiro, J., Schnor, O., Zimmermann, B., Müller, F., d’Agostin, J., Machado, V., & Zhang, L. (2008). Resistência antimicrobiana dos uropatógenos em pacientes ambulatoriais, 2000-2004. Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop., 41(3), pp. 277–281. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0037-86822008000300010.
Lo, D., Shieh, H., Ragazzi, S., Koch, V., Martinez, M., & Gilio, A. (2013). Community-acquired urinary tract infection: age and gender-dependent etiology. J. Bras. Nefrol., 35(2), pp. 93–98. https://doi.org/10.5935/0101-2800.20130016.
Oliveira, A., & Silva, R. (2009). Desafios do cuidar em saúde frente à resistência bacteriana: uma revisão. Rev. Eletrônica Enferm., 10(1), pp. 189–197. https://doi.org/10.5216/ree.v10i1.8011.
Pereira, L. B.., Zanetti, M. O. B.., Rodrigues, J. P. V.., & Pereira, L. R. L.. (2022). Antibiotic utilization in a high complexity hospital: pattern of use in different wards. Research, Society and Development, 11(2), e12011225573. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25573.
Rocha, J., Tuon, F., & Johnson, J. (2012). Sex, drugs, bugs, and age: rational selection of empirical therapy for outpatient urinary tract infection in an era of extensive antimicrobial resistance. Braz. j. Infect. Dis., 16(2), pp. 115–121. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-86702012000200002.
Santo, E., Salvador, M., & Marin, J. (2007). Antimicrobial resistance among urinary tract Escherichia coli isolates from inpatients and outpatients in a tertiary care center in São Paulo, Brazil. Int. j. Infect. Dis., 11(6), pp. 558–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2006.10.007.
Santos, B. R. S. dos., Santos, F. C. S. P.., & Bezerra, L. S. (2021). Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection and indication of Antibiotic Therapy through Laboratory Medicine. Research, Society and Development, 10(9), e17310917599. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i9.17599.
Tavares, V., & Medeiros, C. (2016). Infecção do trato urinário na gravidez: uma revisão de literatura. Cadernos de Graduação - Ciências Biológicas e Da Saúde, 2(3), pp. 67–74. Retirado de: https://periodicos.set.edu.br/facipesaude/article/view/3243.
Tenaillon, O., Skurnik, D., Picard, B., & Denamur, E. (2010). The population genetics of commensal Escherichia coli. Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 8(3), pp. 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2298.
Vollard, E., & Clasener, H. (1994). Colonization resistance. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 38(3), pp. 409–414. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.38.7.1693.
Waller, T., Pantin, S., Yenior, A., & Pujalte, G. (2018). Urinary Tract Infection Antibiotic Resistance in the United States. Prim. Care., 45(3), pp. 455–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2018.05.005.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Venicius Leonidas de Noronha Biesdorf; Leonardo Trovo Zilotti; Gabriela Nalú Faria; Vagner Fagnani Linartevichi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
