Association between sodium intake and arterial stiffness in patients with systemic arterial hypertension
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i7.30247Keywords:
Hypertension; Vascular stiffness; Pulse Wave Velocity; Sodium; Eating; Health teaching.Abstract
Arterial stiffness corresponds to part of the mechanisms attributed to the development of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). Changes in eating habits are essential for controlling blood pressure. However, the role of sodium intake on arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients is still a controversial topic. The present study investigated association of sodium intake with arterial stiffness, using Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV). This is an observational, cross-sectional study carried out from 2018 to 2020. Patients were analyzed according to presence or absence of arterial stiffness, sodium intake (24-hour recall) and urinary sodium. Initially, analysis of sodium intake as an independent risk marker for arterial stiffness (Pulse Wave Velocity) was performed, according to the existing comorbidities [chronic kidney disease (CKD) and metabolic syndrome (MS)] and according to age (elderly). A total of 146 patients were included, 98 (67.2%) belonged to the group without stiffness and 48 (32.8%) to the group with arterial stiffness. The study didn´t demonstrate statistically relevant differences regarding to sodium intake in the statistical analyzes between patients with and without arterial stiffness (p > 0.709). There weren´t either statistical differences when analyzing the groups by comorbidities (CKD: p > 0.364, MS: p>0.583) and elderly (p>0.192). In this study, no differences were found for sodium intake and excretion between the groups with and without arterial stiffness.
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