The occurrence of myocarditis after the administration of vaccines against COVID-19: Systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i8.31473Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2; Covid-19; Myocarditis; Vaccine; Adverse effects.Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19, a disease whose etiological agent is the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is a disease that, in addition to causing respiratory complications, also causes other complications, such as cardiovascular and thromboembolic diseases. And, after the use of vaccines produced and launched in record time, there were several reports of myocarditis related to vaccination campaigns in several countries around the world. Objective: To investigate the possible relationship between vaccination against COVID-19 and the occurrence of cases of myocarditis. Methods: Systematic review, search in the Pubmed database for articles published between January 2020 and March 2022. Articles from clinical and observational studies with humans were included. Articles that related adverse reactions to the vaccine other than myocarditis, and those that did not specifically relate the vaccine to myocarditis were excluded. Results: 19 articles were selected. The total number of patients was 63, of which 60 were men, aged between 12 and 60 years, with chest pain as the main symptom and, in the majority, with onset 2 to 60 years old. 3 days after administration of the second dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. The course of the disease was mostly mild and with rapid resolution of symptoms. Conclusion: Even with the search for evidence of the pathophysiological mechanism involved after vaccine administration and the development of acute myocarditis, there is still no evidence to prove this cause-effect relationship, beyond temporality. However, it is possible to confirm the temporal relationship between the mRNA vaccine and the development of myocarditis as adverse effects.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Mariana Nicolella Abdalla; Carlos Alejandro Alzamora Bordini; Débora Driemeyer Wilbert; Francisco Sandro Menezes-Rodrigues
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