Neuropsychological and behavioral implications in childhood and adolescence from the use of screens

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7188

Keywords:

Neuropsychology; Audiovisual media; Development; Cognition.

Abstract

The use of screens by children and adolescents has become increasingly common and accessible. The fact aroused the attention of the scientific community and the concern of parents, teachers and professionals regarding the possible neuropsychological and behavioral effects. This article aims to present and discuss the possible neuropsychological implications of the use of screens in childhood and adolescence, using the narrative bibliographic review method. The study showed that the use of screens in the family context occurs increasingly and impacts socialization, interaction and daily interaction between parents and children, significantly reducing them. In addition, the developing brain is impacted by any and all experiences, including the use of screens. The studies found demonstrate impacts on neuropsychological functions such as: attention, memory, language, executive functions, and impairments in social, emotional and behavioral aspects. As well as, the excessive use of electronics from screens can lead to dependence on them. Further studies are needed to clarify the real impact on the structuring of the brain in formation. In terms of neuropsychological functions, studies are needed to clarify the long-term effects.

References

Abreu, C. N. (2019). Entendendo o impacto cognitivo da dependência de internet em adolescentes. In: Abreu, C. N. & Young, K. S. (2019). Dependência de internet em crianças e adolescentes: fatores de risco, avaliação e tratamento. Porto Alegre: Artmed.

Aishworiya, R., Cai, S., Chen, H. Y., Phua, D. Y., Broekman, B. F. P., Daniel, L. M., Chong, Y. S., Shek, L. P., Yap, F., Chan, S.-Y., Meaney, M. J., & Law, E. C. (2019). Television viewing and child cognition in a longitudinal birth cohort in Singapore: the role of maternal factors. BMC Pediatrics, 19(286), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1651-z.

American Academy of Pediatrics (2016). Media and Young Minds: Council On Communications and Media. Pediatrics, 138(5), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-2591.

American Psychiatric Association (2014). Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico – DSM-5. (5ª ed., M. I. C. Nascimento, Trad.) Porto Alegre: Artmed.

Anderson, D. R. & Pempek, T. A. (2005). Television and very young children. American Behavioral Scientist, 48(5), 505–522. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764204271506.

Armstrong, G. B. & Greenberg, B. S. (1990). Background television as an inhibitor of cognitive processing. Human Communication Research, 16(3), 355–386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1990.tb00215.x.

Balbani, A. P. S. & Krawzcyk, A. L. (2011). Impacto do uso do telefone celular na saúde de crianças e adolescentes. Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 29(3), 430-406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-05822011000300019.

Bernardo, W. M., Nobre, M. R. C., & Jatene, F. B. (2004). A prática clínica baseada em evidências. Parte II - buscando as evidências em fontes de informação. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, 50(1), 104-108. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-42302004000100045.

Boles, R. E. & Roberts, M. C. (2008). Supervising children during parental distractions. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 33, 833–841. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsn021.

Boyd, D. (2015). It’s complicated: The social lives of networked teens. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Brewer, J. A. & Potenza, M. N. (2008). The neurobiology and genetics of impulse control disorders: Relationships to drug addictions. Biochemical Pharmacology, 75(1), 63-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2007.06.043.

Brown, A. (2011). Media Use by Children Younger Than 2 Years. Pedriatrics, 128(5), 1040-1045. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1753.

Browne, D. T., Wade, M., Prime, H., & Jenkins, J. M. (2018). School readiness amongst urban Canadian families: risk profiles and family mediation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 110(1), 133-146. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000202.

Bucksch, J., Sigmundova, D., Hamrik, Z., Troped, P. J., Melkevik, O., Ahluwalia, N., Borraccino, A., Tynjälä, J., Kalman, M., & Inchley, J. (2016). International trends in adolescent screen-time behaviors from 2002 to 2010. Journal of Adolescent Health, 58, 417–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.11.014.

Carson, V., Hunter, S., Kuzik, N., Gray, C. E., Poitras, V. J., & Chaput, J. P.(2016). Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth: an update. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism, 41, S240–65. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2015-0630.

Casey, B. J., Getz, S. & Galvan, A. (2008). The adolescent brain. Developmental Review, 28(1), 62-77. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1440.010.

Cheng, C. & Li, Ay-L. (2014). Internet addiction prevalence and quality of (real) life: a meta-analysis of 31 nations across seven world regions. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(12), 755-760. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0317.

Cheng, S., Maeda, T., Yoichi, S., Yamagata, Z., & Tomiwa, K. Japan Children's Study Group (2010). Early Television Exposure and Children's Behavioral and Social Outcomes at Age 30 Months. Journal of Epidemiology, 20(Supplement_II), S482–S9. https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20090179.

Christakis, D. A., Zimmerman, F. J., DiGuiseppe, D. L., & McCarty, C. A. (2004). Early television exposure and subsequent attentional problems in children. Pediatrics, 113(4), 708 –713. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.113.4.708.

Christakis, D. A. (2009). The effects of infant media usage: what do we know and what should we learn? Acta Pediatrica, 98(1), 8 –16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.16512227.2008.01027.x.

Colombo, J. (2002). Infant attention grows up: The emergence of a developmental cognitive neuroscience perspective. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11, 196–200. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.00199.

Colombo, J., Kannass, K. N., Shaddy, J., Kundurthi, S., Maikranz, J. M., Anderson, C. J., & Carlson, S. E. (2004). Maternal DHA and the development of attention in infancy and toddlerhood. Child Development, 75, 1254–1267. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00737.x.

Cosenza, R. M. & Malloy-Diniz, L. F. (2013). Declínio cognitivo, plasticidade cerebral e o papel da estimulação cognitiva na maturidade. In: Malloy-Diniz, L. F.; Fuentes, D. Cosenza, R. M. (2013). Neuropsicologia do Envelhecimento. Porto Alegre: Artmed.

Ding, W. N., Sun, J. H. & Sun, Y. W. (2014). Trait impulsivity and impaired prefrontal impulse inhibition function in adolescents with Internet gaming addiction revealed by a go/no-go fMRI study. Behavioral and Brain Functions: BBF, 10, 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-9081-10-20.

Dolan, R. J. (2002). Emotion, cognition and behavior. Science, 298, 1191–1194. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1076358.

Domoff, S. E., Radesky, J. S., Harrison, K., Riley, H., Lumeng, J. C., & Miller, A. L. (2018). A Naturalistic Study of Child and Family Screen Media and Mobile Device Use. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1275-1 .

Duch, H., Fisher, E. M. & Ensari, I. (2013). Association of screen time use and language development in Hispanic toddlers: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Clinical Pediatrics (Phila), 52(9), 857-865. https://doi.org/10.1177/0009922813492881.

Dwork, M., Schierl, T., Buerns, T., & Struder, H. K. (2014). Impact of Singular Excessive Computer Game and Television Exposure on Sleep Patterns and Memory Performance of School-aged Children. Pediatrics, 120(5), 978-985. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-0476.

Feierabend, S., Rathgeb, T. & Reutter, T. (2019). KIM-Studie 2018: Kindheit, Internet, Medien, Basisstudie Zum Medienumgang 6-Bis 13-Jähriger in Deutschland. Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest: Stuttgart, German.

Foster, E. M. & Watkins, S. (2010). The value of reanalysis: TV viewing and attention Problems. Child Development, 81(1), 368–375. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01400.x.

Gentile, D. A., Nathanson, A. I., Rasmussen, E. E., Reimer, R. A., & Walsh, D. A. (2012). Do you see what I see? Parent and child reports of parental monitoring of media. Family Relations, 61, 470–487. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2012.00709.x.

GLM, F., Pires, C., Solé, D., Matsudo, V., Katzmarzyk, P. T., & Fisberg, M. (2019). Factors associated with objectively measured total sedentary time and screen time in children aged 9–11 years. Jornal de Pediatria (Rio J), 94–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2017.12.003.

Gogtay, N., Giedd, J. N., Lusk, L., Hayashi, K. M., Greenstein, D., Vaituzis, A. C., & Thompson, P. M. (2004). Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America, 101(21), 8174-8179. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0402680101.

Griffiths, M. D. (2010). Computer game playing and social skills: A pilot study. Aloma, 27, 301–310. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/9716/.

Guerrero, M. D., Barnes, J. D., Chaput, J.-P., & Tremblay, M. S. (2019). Screen time and problem behaviors in children: exploring the mediating role of sleep duration. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(105), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0862-x.

Hancox, R. J., Milne, B. J. & Poulton, R. (2004). Association between child and adolescent television viewing and adult health: a longitudinal birth cohort study. Lancet, 364(9430), 257-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16675-0.

Hiniker, A., Sobel, K., Suh, H., Sung, Y.-C., Lee, C. P., & Kientz, J.A. (2015). Texting while parenting: How adults use mobile phones while caring for children at the playground. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Seoul, Korea, 18–23 April 2015; ACM: New York, NY, USA, 2015; pp. 727–736. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702199.

Hofferth, S. L. (2010). Home media and children’s achievement and behavior. Child Development, 81, 1598–1619. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01494.x.

Hou, H., Jia, S., Hu, S., Fan, R., Sun, W., Sun, T., & Zhang, H. (2012). Reduced Striatal Dopamine Transporters in People with Internet Addiction Disorder. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2012(854524), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/854524.

Hutton, J. S., Dudley, J., Horowitz-Kraus, T., DeWitt, T., & Holland, S. K. (2019). Associations between screen-based media use and brain white matter integrity in preschool-aged children. JAMA Pediatrics, e193869. https://doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3869.

Janus, M. & Offord, D. R. (2007). Development and psychometric properties of the Early Development Instrument (EDI): a measure of children’s school readiness. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 39(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1037/cjbs2007001.

Kabali, H. K., Irigoyen, M. M., Nunez-Davis, R., Budacki, J.G., Mohanty, S. H., & Leister, K. P. (2015). Exposure and use of Mobile media devices by young children. Pediatrics, 136(6), 1044–1050. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-2151.

Kiraly, O., Nagygyorgy, K., Griffiths, M.D., & Demetrovics, Z. (2014). Problematic online gaming. In: K. P. Rosenberg & Laura Curtiss (Eds.) (2014). Behavioral addictions: Criteria, evidence, and treatment. New York, USA: Elsevier.

Ko, C. –H., Liu, G.-C., Hsiao, S., Yen, J.-Y, Yang, M.-J, Lin, W. C., & Chen, C.-S. (2009). Brain activities associated with gaming urge of online gaming addiction. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43(7), 739-747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.09.012.

Ko, C. –H., Hsieh, T.-J., Chen, C.-Y., Yen, C.-F, Chen, C.-S., Yen, J.-Y., Wang, P. –W., & Liu, G.-C. (2014). Altered brain activation during response inhibition and error processing in subjects with Internet gaming disorder: a functional magnetic imaging study. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 264(8), 661-672. https://doi:10.1007/s00406-013-0483-3.

Kolbi, B., Mychasiuk, R., Muhammad, A., & Gibb, R. (2013). Brain Plasticity in the Developing Brain. Progress in Brain Research, 207, 35-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63327-9.00005-9.

Kostyrka-Allchorne, K., Cooper, N. R. & Simpson, A. (2017). The relationship between television exposure and children’s cognition and behaviour: A systematic review. Developmental Review, 44, 19–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2016.12.002.

Kowert, R., Domahidi, E., Festl, R., & Quandt, T. (2014). Social gaming, lonely life? The impact of digital game play on adolescents’ social circles. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 385–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.003.

Kuss, D. J. & Griffiths, M. D. (2012a). Online gaming addiction in children and adolescents: a review of empirical research. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 29(1), 03-22. https://doi:10.1556/JBA.1.2012.1.1.

Kuss, D. J. & Griffiths, M. D. (2012b). Internet gaming addiction: A systematic review of empirical research. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 10(2), 278–296. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci2030347.

Lavigne, H. J., Hanson, K. G. & Anderson, D. R. (2015). The influence of television coviewing on parent language directed at toddlers. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 36(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2014.11.004.

Lemmens, J. S., Valkenburg, P. M. & Peter, J. (2011). Psychosocial causes and consequences of pathological gaming. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(1), 144–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.07.015.

Lenroot, R. K. & Giedd, J. N. (2006). Brain development in children and adolescents: insights from anatomical magnetic resonance imaging. Neuroscience Biobehavioral Reviews, 30(6), 718–729. https://doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.06.001.

Lin, L. Y., Cherng, R. J., Chen, Y. J., Chen, Y. J., & Yang, H. M. (2015). Effects of television exposure on developmental skills among young children. Infant Behavior Development, 38, 20–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2014.12.005.

Linebarger, D. L., Barr, R., Lapierre, M. A., & Piotrowski, J. T. (2014). Associations between parenting, media use, cumulative risk, and Children's executive functioning. Journal of Developmental and Behavavioral Pediatrics., 35(6), 367–77. https://doi:10.1097/DBP.0000000000000069.

Linebarger, D. L. & Walker, D. (2005). Infants’ and toddlers’ television viewing and language outcomes. American Behavioral Scientist, 48(5), 624–645. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764204271505.

Lo, K. K. & Kanai, R. (2016). How has the Internet reshaped human cognition? The Neuroscientist, 22(5), 506-520. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073858415595005.

Lukavská, K., Hrabec, O. & Chrz, V. (2016). The Role of Habits in Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game Usage: Predicting Excessive and Problematic Gaming Through Players’ Sensitivity to Situational Cues. Cyberpsychology, behavior, and social networking, 19(4), 277-282. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0495.

Madigan, S., Browne, D., Racine, N., Mori, C., & Tough, S. (2019). Association Between Screen Time and Children’s Performance on a Developmental Screening Test. JAMA Pediatrics, 173(3), 244-250. https://doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.5056.

Malloy-Diniz, L. F., Sallum, I., Fuentes, D., Baroni, L. B., Costa, D. S., & De Paula, J. J. (2018). O exame das funções executivas. In: Malloy-Diniz, L. F., Fuentes, D., Mattos, P. & Abreu, N. (2018). Avaliação Neuropsicológica. 2ª ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed.

Masako, T., Okuma, K. & Kyoshima, K. (2007). Television viewing and reduced parental utterance, and delayed speech development in infants and young children. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 161(6), 618–619. https://doi:10.1001/archpedi.161.6.618-b.

Media, C. S. (2013). Zero to eight: Children’s media use in America 2013. A Common Sense Media Research Study, 1-40. file:///C:/Users/Cliente/Downloads/zero-to-eight-2013.pdf.

Munzer, T. G., Miller, A. L., Peterson, K. E., Brophy-Herb, H. E., Horodynski, M. A., & Contreras, D. (2018). Media exposure in low-income preschool-aged children is associated with multiple measures of self-regulatory behavior. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 39(4),303–9. https://doi:10.1097/DBP.0000000000000560.

Muszkat, M., Miranda, M. C. & Muszkat, D. (2015). Neuropsicologia da adolescência. In: Santos, F. H. D.; Andrade, V. M. & Bueno, O. F. A. (2015). Neuropsicologia hoje. (2ª ed.). Porto Alegre: Artmed.

Na, E., Choi, I., Lee, T. H., Lee, H., Rho, M. J., Jung, D. J., & Kim, D. J. (2017). The influence of game genre on Internet gaming disorder. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 6(2), 248–255. https://doi:10.1556/2006.6.2017.033.

Nathanson, A. I., Sharp, M. L., Alad_e, F., Rasmussen, E. E., & Christy, K. (2013). The relation between television exposure and theory of mind among preschoolers. Journal of Communication, 63, 1088–1108. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12062.

Nelson, K. (1973). Structure and strategy in learning to talk. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 38(1–2), 1–135. https://doi.org/10.2307/1165788.

Niemz. K., Griffiths, M. & Banyard, P. (2005). Prevalence of pathological Internet use among university students and correlations with self-esteem, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and disinhibition. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 8(6), 562-570. https://doi:10.1089/cpb.2005.8.562.

Niermann, C. Y. N., Spengler, S. & Gubbels, J. S. (2018). Physical activity, screen time, and dietary intake in families: A cluster-analysis with mother-father-child triads. Frontiers in Public Health, 6, 276. https://doi:10.3389/fpubh.2018.00276.

Núcleo Ciência pela Infância (2014). O impacto do desenvolvimento na primeira infância sobre a aprendizagem. https://www.mds.gov.br/webarquivos/arquivo/crianca_feliz/Treinamento_Multiplicadores_Coordenadores/IMPACTO_DESENVOLVIMENTO_PRIMEIRA%20INFaNCIA_SOBRE_APRENDIZAGEM.pdf.

Nunez-Smith, M., Wolf, E., Huang, H. M., Emanuel, D. J., & Gross, C. P. (2008). Media and Child and Adolescent Health: A Systematic Review. Common Sense Media. http://ipsdweb.ipsd.org/uploads/IPPC/CSM%20Media%20Health%20Report.pdf.

OfCom (2017). Children and Parents: Media Use and Attitudes Report. Making Communications work for everyone. 1-306. https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/108182/children-parents-media-use-attitudes-2017.pdf.

Organização Mundial da Saúde (2019). Guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5 years of age. World Health Organization, 1-23. http://apps.who.int/iris.

Palfrey, J. & Gasser, U. (2011). Nascidos na era digital: entendendo a primeira geração de nativos digitais. Porto Alegre: Artmed.

Papalia, D. E., Olds, S. W. & Feldman, R. D. (2006). Desenvolvimento humano (8. ed., D. Bueno, Trad.). Porto Alegre, RS: Artmed.

Parkes, A., Sweeting, H., Wight, D., & Henderson, M. (2013). Do television and electronic games predict children's psychosocial adjustment? Longitudinal research using the UK millennium cohort study. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 98(5), 341–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2011-301508.

Poulain, T., Ludwig, J., Hiemisch, A., Hilbert, A., & Kiess, W. (2019). Media Use of Mothers, Media Use of Children, and Parent–Child Interaction Are Related to Behavioral Difficulties and Strengths of Children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(4651), 1-13. https://doi:10.3390/ijerph16234651.

Radesky, J., Miller, A. L., Rosenblum, K. L., Appugliese, D., Kaciroti, N., & Lumeng, J. C. (2015). Maternal mobile device use during a structured parent-child interaction task. Academic Pediatrics, 15, 238–244. https://doi:10.1016/j.acap.2014.10.001.

Radesky, J. S, Kistin, C. J., Zuckerman, B., Nitzberg, K., Gross, J., Kaplan-Sano, M., Augustyn, M., & Silverstein, M. (2014). Patterns of mobile device use by caregivers and children during meals in fast food restaurants. Pediatrics, 133, e843–e849. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-3703.

Rideout, V. & Hamel, E. (2006). The Media Family: Electronic Media in the Lives of infants, Toddlers, Preschoolers and their Parents. Kaiser family foundation, 1-35. https://www.kff.org/other/the-media-family-electronic-media-in-the/.

Rideout, V. (2017). The Common Sense census: Media use by kids age zero to eight. San Francisco, CA: Common Sense Media. https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/uploads/research/csm_zerotoeight_fullreport_release_2.pdf.

Robb, M. B., Richert, R. A. & Wartella, E. (2009). Just a talking book? Word learning from watching baby videos. British Journal of Development Psychology, 27(11), 27–45. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151008X320156.

Saarni, C. (Ed.) (1999). The development of emotional competence. NY: The Guildford Press.

Schmidt, M. E., Pempek, T. A., Kirkorian, H. L., Lund, A.F., & Anderson, D. R. (2008). The effects of background television on the toy play behavior of very young children. Child Development, 79(4), 1137–1151. https://doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01180.x.

Schoeppe, S., Vandelanotte, C., Bere, E., Lien, N., Verloigne, M., Kovács, E., Manios, Y., Bjelland, M., Vik, F. N., & Van Lippevelde, W. (2017). The influence of parental modelling on children’s physical activity and screen time: Does it differ by gender? European Journal of Public Health, 27, 152–157. https://doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckw182.

Sholl-Franco, A. (2015). Bases morfofuncionais do sistema nervoso. In: Santos, F. H. D.; Andrade, V. M. & Bueno, O. F. A. (2015). Neuropsicologia hoje. (2ª ed.). Porto Alegre: Artmed.

Simonato, I., Janosz, M., Archambault, I., & Pagani, L. S. (2018). Prospective associations between toddler televiewing and subsequent lifestyle habits in adolescence. Preventive Medicine, 110, 24-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.02.008.

Singer, W. (1995). Development and Plasticity of Cortical Processing Architectures. Science, 270(5237), 758–764. https://doi:10.1126/science.270.5237.758.

Skalická, V., Hygen, B. W., Stenseng, F., Karstad, S. B., & Wichstrom, L. (2019). Screen time and the development of emotion understanding from age 4 to age 8: A community study. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12283.

Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria (2016). Saúde de Crianças e Adolescentes na Era Digital. Manual de Orientação, 1, 1-13. http://www.sbp.com.br/fileadmin/user_upload/2016/11/19166d-MOrient-Saude-Crian-e-Adolesc.pdf.

Stavropoulos, V., Kuss, D., Griffiths, M.D., & Motti-Stefanidi, F. (2015). A longitudinal study of adolescent Internet addiction: The role of conscientiousness and class-room hostility. Journal of Adolescent Research, 31(4), 442–473. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558415580163.

Stavropoulos, V., Kuss, D. J., Griffiths, M. D., Wilson, P., & Motti-Stefanidi, F. (2017). MMORPG gaming and hostility predict Internet Addiction symptoms in adolescents: An empirical multilevel longitudinal study. Addictive Behaviors, 64, 294–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.09.001.

Stiglic, N. & Viner, R. M. (2019). Effects of screentime on the health and well-being of children and adolescents: A systematic review of reviews. BMJ Open, 9, e023191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018023191.

Stupica, B. (2016). Rounding the bases with a secure base. Attachent and Human Development, 18, 373–390. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2016.1170052.

Tao, R., Huang, X., Wang, J., Zhang, H., Zhang, Y., & Li, M. (2010). Proposed diagnostic criteria for internet addiction. Addiction, 105(3), 556-564. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02828.x.

Tomopoulos, S., Dreyer, B. P., Berkule, S., Fierman, A. H., Brockmeyer, C., & Mendelsohn, A. L. (2010). Infant media exposure and toddler development. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 164(12), 1105–11. https://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.235.

Tremblay, M. S., LeBlanc, A. G., Kho, M. E., Saunders, T. J., Larouche, R., & Colley, R. C. (2011). Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in schoolaged children and youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8, 98. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-8-98.

Trinh, M. H., Sundaram, R., Robinson, S. L., Lin, T. C., Bell, E. M., Ghassabian, A., & Yeung, E. H. (2019). Association of Trajectory and Covariates of Children’s Screen Media Time. JAMA Pediatrics. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4488.

Uehara, E., Mata, F., Fichman, H. C., & Malloy-Diniz, L. F. (2016). Funções executivas na infância. In: Salles, J. F.; Haase, V. G. & Malloy-Diniz, L. F. (2016). Neuropsicologia do desenvolvimento: infância e adolescência. Porto Alegre: Artmed.

Vandewater, E. A., Bickham, D. S. & Lee, J. H. (2006). Time well spent? Relating television use to children’s free-time activities. Pediatrics, 117(2). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-0812.

Vandewater, E. A., Rideout, V. J., Wartella, E. A., Huang, X., Lee, J. H., & Shim, M. S. (2007). Digital childhood: electronic media and technology use among infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. Pediatrics, 119(5), 1006-1015. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1804.

Weng, C. B., Qian, R. B., Fu, X. M., Lin, B., Han, X. P., Niu, C. S., & Wang, Y. H. (2013). Gray matter and white matter abnormalities in online game addiction. European Journal of Radiology, 82, 1308-1312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.01.031.

Yen, J. Y., Ko, C. H., Yen, C. F., Wu, H.Y., & Yang, M. J. (2007). The comorbid psychiatric symptoms of Internet addiction: attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, social phobia, and hostility. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(1), 93–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.02.002.

Yen, J.Y., Liu, T. L., Wang, P.W., Chen, C.S., Yen, C.F., & Ko, C.H. (2017). Association between internet gaming disorder and adult attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and their correlates: Impulsivity and hostility. Addictive Behaviors, 64, 308-313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.04.024.

Yuan, K., Cheng, P., Dong, T., Bi, Y., Xing, L., Yu, D., Zhao, L., Dong, M., Deneen, K. M. V., Liu, Y., Qin, W., & Tian, J. (2013). Cortical Thickness Abnormalities in Late Adolescence with Online Gaming Addiction. Online Gaming Addiction on the Brain, 8(1), 2-8. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053055.

Zelazo, P. D., Craik, F. I. M. & Booth, L. (2004). Executive function across the life span. Acta Psychologica, 115(2-3), 167-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2003.12.005.

Zelazo, P. D. & Bauer, P. J. (2013). National Institutes of Health Toolbox- Cognitive Function Battery (NIH Toolbox CFB): Validation for Children between 3 and 15 Years SRCD Monograph. Ann Arbor, MI: Society for Research in Child Development, 78, 1–172. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617714000472.

Zimmerman, F. J., Christakis, D. A. & Meltzoff, A.N. (2007). Television and DVD/video viewing in children younger than 2 years. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 161(5), 473-479. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.161.5.473.

Zimmerman F. J. & Christakis, D. A. (2007). Associations between content types of early media exposure and subsequent attentional problems. Pediatrics, 120(5), 986–992. https://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-3322.

Zimmerman, F. J. & Christakis, D. A. (2005). Children’s television viewing and cognitive outcomes: a longitudinal analysis of national data. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 159(7), 619–25. https://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.159.7.619.

Published

06/09/2020

How to Cite

PEIXOTO, M. J. R.; CASSEL, P. A.; BREDEMEIER , J. Neuropsychological and behavioral implications in childhood and adolescence from the use of screens. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 9, p. e772997188, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7188. Disponível em: https://www.rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/7188. Acesso em: 19 apr. 2024.

Issue

Section

Review Article