Reflections on the association between smoking and COVID - 19: literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7450Keywords:
Smoking ; Evidence; Coronavirus.Abstract
The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is largely unknown, and data are limited on the clinical characteristics of patients and their prognostic factors, assuming that smoking is possibly associated with the adverse prognosis of the disease. This paper aims to describe, based on the scientific literature, the association between tobacco consumption and the progression of COVID-19. It is an integrative literature review, and searches were carried out in the PUBMED and BIREME database, using the descriptors “tobacco” and “COVID-19”, complete and free articles published in the year 2020. The final sample of this The review consisted of 8 (eight) scientific articles. The main changes related to the progression of COVID-19 in smokers in the studies analyzed were: greater expression of the ACE2 receptor gene in smokers, contributing to the progression of symptoms, increased inflammatory response in subchronic smokers of electronic cigarettes, enrichment the androgenic pathway and the specific positive regulation of the regulatory genes of the central pathway and the realization of campaigns to combat smoking. As long as the related pathophysiological processes are not fully elucidated, it is important to reinforce campaigns to maintain healthy lifestyle habits, among which the non-use of tobacco, even in alternative forms, such as electronic cigarettes, as use is associated with greater predisposition to more severe clinical manifestations of the disease.
References
Archie, S. R., & Cucullo, L. (2020). Cerebrovascular and Neurological Dysfunction under the Threat of COVID-19: Is There a Comorbid Role for Smoking and Vaping? International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(11), 3916. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113916
Brake, S. J., Barnsley, K., Lu, W., McAlinden, K. D., Eapen, M. S., & Sohal, S. S. (2020). Smoking Upregulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor: A Potential Adhesion Site for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19). Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(3), 841. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030841
Brasil, MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE . (2020) . Painel Coronavírus . Recuperado em 28 de junho de 2020, em https://covid.saude.gov.br/
Cai, G., Bossé, Y., Xiao, F., Kheradmand, F., & Amos, C. I. (2020). Tobacco Smoking Increases the Lung Gene Expression of ACE2, the Receptor of SARS-CoV-2. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 201(12), 1557–1559. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202003-0693LE
Chakladar, J., Shende, N., Li, W. T., Rajasekaran, M., Chang, E. Y., & Ongkeko, W. M. (2020). Smoking-Mediated Upregulation of the Androgen Pathway Leads to Increased SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(10), 3627. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103627
Guo, Y.-R., Cao, Q.-D., Hong, Z.-S., Tan, Y.-Y., Chen, S.-D., Jin, H.-J., Tan, K.-S., Wang, D.-Y., & Yan, Y. (2020). The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak – an update on the status. Military Medical Research, 7(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0
Li Volti, G., Caruso, M., & Polosa, R. (2020). Smoking and SARS-CoV-2 Disease (COVID-19): Dangerous Liaisons or Confusing Relationships? Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(5), 1321. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051321
Olds, J. L., & Kabbani, N. (2020). Is nicotine exposure linked to cardiopulmonary vulnerability to COVID-19 in the general population? The FEBS Journal. https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.15303
OMS, ORGANIZAÇÃO. .MUNDIAL .DE .SAÚDE . (2020) . O uso de tabaco e narguilé aumenta o risco de COVID-19 . Retirado em 28 de junho de 2020, de http://www.emro.who.int/tfi/know-the-truth/tobacco-and-waterpipe-users-are-at-increased-risk-of-covid-19-infection .html
OPAS, BRASIL . (2020) . Folha informativa - COVID-19 (doença causada pelo novo coronavírus) . Recuperado em 28 de junho de 2020, de https://www.paho.org/bra/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6101:covid19&Itemid=875
Pastrian-Soto, G. (2020). Bases Genéticas y Moleculares del COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). Mecanismos de Patogénesis y de Respuesta Inmune. International Journal of Odontostomatology, 14(3), 331–337. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-381X2020000300331
Rabi, F. A., Al Zoubi, M. S., Kasasbeh, G. A., Salameh, D. M., & Al-Nasser, A. D. (2020). SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Disease 2019: What We Know So Far. Pathogens, 9(3), 231. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9030231
Russo, P., Bonassi, S., Giacconi, R., Malavolta, M., Tomino, C., & Maggi, F. (2020). COVID-19 and smoking: is nicotine the hidden link? European Respiratory Journal, 55(6), 2001116. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01116-2020
Shi, Y., Wang, G., Cai, X., Deng, J., Zheng, L., Zhu, H., Zheng, M., Yang, B., & Chen, Z. (2020). An overview of COVID-19. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B, 21(5), 343–360. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2000083
Shiota, M., Ushijima, M., Imada, K., Kashiwagi, E., Takeuchi, A., Inokuchi, J., Tatsugami, K., Kajioka, S., & Eto, M. (2019). Cigarette smoking augments androgen receptor activity and promotes resistance to antiandrogen therapy. The Prostate, 79(10), 1147–1155. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.23828
Singh, A. G., & Chaturvedi, P. (2020). Tobacco use and vaping in the COVID ‐19 era. Head & Neck, 42(6), 1240–1242. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.26208
Sinha, D. N., Suliankatchi, R. A., Gupta, P. C., Thamarangsi, T., Agarwal, N., Parascandola, M., & Mehrotra, R. (2018). Global burden of all-cause and cause-specific mortality due to smokeless tobacco use: systematic review and meta-analysis. Tobacco Control, 27(1), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053302
Smith, J. C., Sausville, E. L., Girish, V., Yuan, M. Lou, Vasudevan, A., John, K. M., & Sheltzer, J. M. (2020). Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Inflammatory Signaling Increase the Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 in the Respiratory Tract. Developmental Cell, 53(5), 514-529.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2020.05.012
Souza, L. D. de M., Silva, R. S., Godoy, R. V., Cruzeiro, A. L. S., Faria, A. D., Pinheiro, R. T., Horta, B. L., & Silva, R. A. da. (2008). Sintomatologia depressiva em adolescentes iniciais: estudo de base populacional. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 57(4), 261–266. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0047-20852008000400006
Valentine, G., & Sofuoglu, M. (2018). Cognitive Effects of Nicotine: Recent Progress. Current Neuropharmacology, 16(4), 403–414. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X15666171103152136
Vardavas, C., & Nikitara, K. (2020). COVID-19 and smoking: A systematic review of the evidence. Tobacco Induced Diseases, 18(March). https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/119324
Vázquez, J., & Redolar-Ripoll, D. (2020). COVID-19 outbreak impact in Spain: A role for tobacco smoking? Tobacco Induced Diseases, 18(April). https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/120005
Wang, Q., Sundar, I. K., Li, D., Lucas, J. H., Muthumalage, T., McDonough, S. R., & Rahman, I. (2020). E-cigarette-induced pulmonary inflammation and dysregulated repair are mediated by nAChR α7 receptor: role of nAChR α7 in SARS-CoV-2 Covid-19 ACE2 receptor regulation. Respiratory Research, 21(1), 154. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-020-01396-y
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Débora Luana Ribeiro Pessoa; Kelven Ferreira dos Santos; Kardene Pereira Rodrigues; Aíla Maria Castro Dias; Isabela Bastos Jácome de Souza; Daniel Mussuri de Gouveia; Aline Sharlon Maciel Batista Ramos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
