The journal Research, Society and Development (abbreviated as Res. Soc. Dev.) is a multidisciplinary scientific publication focused on promoting the dissemination of knowledge, using scientific methodologies for social, scientific and technological development through the publication of manuscripts, results and conclusions of research, in the various areas of knowledge. It is a monthly online journal. Submissions are evaluated by peers (Double Blind Review) with experience in the area of ​​the manuscript. Ad hoc revisors 2024 We thank all of the more than 340 “ad hoc” reviewers who contributed to this Journal in their evaluations (double-blind peer review). Reviewers 2024
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Challenges in neuropsychological assessment for the identification of giftedness: A scoping review
The identification of individuals with Giftedness constitutes a complex and multifactorial assessment process involving cognitive, educational, and often unobserved nuances. The difficulty in defining and measuring what giftedness is results from its complex nature and the absence of a consensus on scientific criteria, representing a central and intensifying challenge to the precision of the assessment process. Based on the discussed problematic, this study is a scoping review of an exploratory and descriptive nature, focusing on mapping the main challenges present in the neuropsychological assessment of children and adolescents with giftedness, answering the question: “What are the challenges faced in the neuropsychological assessment of children and adolescents for the diagnosis of High Ability/Giftedness?”. The search for evidence was conducted on the Web of Science database, using scientific articles published between 2020 and 2024, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. The studies were selected and data were extracted by the team of authors, in a paired process. The challenges found were organized into topics: High Relevance of Intelligence Quotient, Socioeconomic Issues, Single Assessment, Diffuse Criteria, and Twice-Exceptionality. The results reflect challenges indicative of major impasses due to a lack of consensus in the scientific community. This not only hinders access to standardized and quality assessment for those who need it, but also limits the implementation of adequate and effective interventions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ricardo Henrique Soares da Silva, Larissa Graciano Furman, Luiza Almeida de Souza, Renata Sefas Makhare da Silva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Epidemiological profile of notifications of gestational and congenital syphilis in Alagoas (2018–2024)
This study analyzed the epidemiological profile of gestational and congenital syphilis notifications in the state of Alagoas between 2018 and 2024. Secondary data from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN/DATASUS) were analyzed descriptively, calculating absolute frequencies and percentage variations. In 2018, 953 cases of gestational syphilis and 450 cases of congenital syphilis were reported, while in 2024, these numbers decreased to 483 and 213 cases, representing reductions of 49.3% and 52.7%, respectively. Despite this decline, the figures remain above the World Health Organization target for congenital syphilis elimination, which is less than 0.5 cases per 1,000 live births. The observed reduction may reflect advances in rapid testing, professional training, and partner treatment, but socioeconomic factors and health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, may have limited the results. These findings highlight the need to maintain and strengthen public policies, prenatal care, early screening, and health education to achieve the elimination of congenital syphilis in Alagoas.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sabrina Fernandes Silva Paz, Ana Bela Floriano do Nascimento Costa, Ânila Barbosa Lobo Pereira, Andrea Azevedo Cunha, Amanda Ribeiro Cavalcanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Acantholytic epulis in a Rottweiler dog: Case report
Oral cavity neoplasms in dogs and cats are among the four most common, accounting for 6% and 3% of tumor cases, respectively. Acanthomatous epulis is a locally aggressive epithelial tumor that affects the rostral region of the mandible but does not cause metastasis. The objective of this report was to describe a case of acanthomatous epulis in a Rottweiler dog that underwent total excision of the neoplasm. An 8-year-old, neutered male Rottweiler dog weighing 42.3 kg was treated at a veterinary clinic in Ariquemes, Rondônia. Hematological and biochemical tests indicated that the animal was fit for surgery. Preanesthetic medication (PAM) consisted of morphine at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg intramuscularly for light sedation, followed by induction with midazolam at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg and propofol at a dose of 3 ml, both intravenously, with 9% NaCl fluid therapy. A no. 8.5 catheter was used for intubation. During transanesthesia, the patient was maintained on isoflurane. Postoperatively, azithromycin 10 mg/kg, dipyrone 25 mg/kg, meloxicam 0.1 mg/kg and the local antibiotic Periovet® were prescribed, in addition to moist feeding in the first few days. Complete surgical removal is the main treatment for acanthomatous epulis. In the case described, the diagnosis of acanthomatous epulis was based on clinical signs and cytological examination. Surgical excision of the neoplasm proved satisfactory for the resolution of the disease.
Joice Aline Neves do Nascimento Magalhães
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Angelica Vieira Netto; Karla Henrique de Oliviera; Marcos Jose de Oliviera; Gislaine de Oliveira Elizeu; Natielli Gomes da Costa; Joice Aline Neves do Nascimento Magalhães https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Free gingival graft - donor site analysis: A literature review
Free gingival graft is a widely established procedure in periodontal plastic surgery, essential for gaining quality, quantity, width, and thickness of keratinized gingiva. Its indication is important for both the stability of implants— specifically, keratinized tissue for peri-implant health—and for the prevention and treatment of gingival recessions in natural teeth. Mucogingival deficiency in teeth can lead to inflammation, aesthetic discomfort, hypersensitivity, root caries, and difficulty in biofilm control. Currently, the autogenous connective tissue graft from the palate is considered the gold standard treatment due to its predictability for root coverage and benefits for maintenance and prognosis in periodontal surgeries. Knowledge of the palatal anatomy is of utmost importance for the dental surgeon to safely apply the chosen surgical technique during incision, respecting noble areas. The objective of this study was to analyze the conditions of the donor site in free gingival grafts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Almerindo de Sousa Dias Junior, Sérgio Lobo, Sérgio Barbosa Ribeiro, Fernando dos Reis Cury, Luis Fernando Castro Valle https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Minimally invasive resources for aesthetic correction of the nose. Case series
Correcting the aesthetics of the nose can be done through invasive or minimally invasive procedures. The objective of this case description was to present the aesthetic results of non-surgical nose reshaping performed with minimally invasive procedures, either combined or isolated, using hyaluronic acid fillers, botulinum toxin, and polydioxanone (PDO) threads, with a view to improving the appearance and self-esteem of patients with minor deformities in the nasal region. This series of cases describes protocols for combining minimally invasive interventions aimed at correcting the aesthetics of the nose, replacing surgical procedures. Hyaluronic acid fillers, polydioxanone filaments, and botulinum toxin were applied to strategic areas of the nose, allowing for aesthetic correction of the nasolabial angle, reduction of the hump, and improvement of alar closure. The results were favorable to the proposed aesthetic correction of the cases presented, which lasted for approximately 180 days. Based on the results, it is possible to suggest that the proposed protocols can be used for aesthetic correction of the nose.
Copyright (c) 2025 Viviane da Costa, Ana Paula Almeida das Virgens, Aline G. Soares Bordim, Ana Luiza Ponce, Mauricio Meirelles, José Ricardo de Albergaria-Barbosa, Célia Marisa Rizzatti-Barbosa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The use of intestinal microbiota for the treatment of dermatological diseases in dogs
Dermatological diseases are among the main causes of veterinary consultations in dogs, significantly affecting their health, well-being, and the daily routine of their owners. In recent years, interest has grown in the relationship between the gut microbiota and skin health, particularly regarding the influence of dysbiosis on the immune system and the development of conditions such as atopic dermatitis. This study aims to review the scientific literature on the use of gut microbiota modulation through probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation as a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of dermatological diseases in dogs. For this purpose, a bibliographic search was conducted in the SciELO and Google Scholar databases, prioritizing articles published between 2008 and 2024. The reviewed studies indicate that microbiota modulation may contribute to improving intestinal homeostasis and immune response, with positive effects on skin health. It is concluded that the gut microbiota has promising potential as an adjuvant therapy in veterinary dermatology, although further clinical studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and standardize treatment protocols.
Copyright (c) 2025 Bruna Bubula Pavim, Esther Ferreira Barioni, Mayra Meneguelli Teixeira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Icteric leptospirosis in an urban adolescent: Atypical Presentation with Weil's Syndrome and Reactive Cholecystitis
Introduction: Leptospirosis is a global bacterial zoonosis caused by Leptospira. Although traditionally rural, it has reemerged in urban areas due to poor sanitation, presenting in forms ranging from mild to the lethal Weil's syndrome, which requires high clinical suspicion. Objective: The purpose of this report is to describe the clinical case of an urban adolescent with icteric leptospirosis complicated by Weil's syndrome and reactive cholecystitis, emphasizing the clinical, biochemical and imaging findings that guided the differential diagnosis, as well as the favorable therapeutic evolution after the establishment of early antibiotic management. Methodology: A retrospective single-case study was conducted following CARE guidelines. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were analyzed from the electronic medical record of a pediatric patient, with informed consent obtained from the parents. Case Presentation: A 14-year-old urban male from Colombia, without rural exposure, presented with fever, headache, and an unusual pruritic rash, progressing to marked jaundice and abdominal pain. Labs showed thrombocytopenia, direct hyperbilirubinemia (4.0 mg/dL), and elevated CPK, ruling out dengue . Positive IgM confirmed leptospirosis, and ultrasound revealed reactive acalculous cholecystitis. After treatment with ceftriaxone and doxycycline, the patient fully recovered and was discharged on the third day. Discussion: This case illustrates the diagnostic complexity of urban leptospirosis, highlighting atypical manifestations such as rash and cholecystitis. Rapid differentiation from other febrile illnesses and antibiotic use prevented major complications. Conclusion: It is vital to include leptospirosis in the differential diagnosis of urban febrile icteric syndromes. Active surveillance and timely antibiotic treatment are decisive in reducing lethality, reinforcing the need for a preventive One Health approach.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cristhian Camilo Velandia-Mosquera, Kerin Daihanna Gonzalez Muñoz, Valentina Ardila Lozano, Juan Camilo Castaño Ospina, Olga Patricia Ortiz Corrales, Natalia Duque Salgado, Diego Fernando Lopez Muñoz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Fulminant acute renal failure due to hemoglobin C/β-thalassemia in adolescents: Diagnostic challenge in the face of hypertensive nephropathy and thrombotic microangiopathy
Introduction:The challenge of fulminant renal failure in adolescents is addressed, where complex hematological factors such as hemoglobinopathy C with β-thalassemia converge, triggering hemolysis and severe tubular damage. Objective: The purpose of this report is to describe the clinical chronology, laboratory findings, and therapeutic management of an unusual condition: an unrecognized hemoglobin C/β-thalassemia, triggering fulminant AKI in the context of severe hypertension and suspected TMA Case Presentation: A 17-year-old adolescent presented with edema and dyspnea, exhibiting critical hypertension (200/130 mmHg) and anuria. Tests revealed metabolic acidosis, creatinine of 31.2 mg/dL, and anemia of 6.9 g/dL, without thrombocytopenia. Upon ruling out microangiopathic hemolysis due to the absence of schistocytes, electrophoresis confirmed hemoglobinopathy C (35.3%) and β-thalassemia (Hb A₂ 62.1%). Despite dialysis and ventilatory support, the patient died from multi-organ failure. Discussion: The lethal pathogenic interaction between massive heme release, oxidative stress, and pigment nephrotoxicity, aggravated by malignant hypertension, is analyzed; this mechanism mimics microangiopathic conditions, complicating diagnosis. Conclusion: The case underscores the urgency of investigating structural hemoglobinopathies in young patients with acute renal failure and unexplained anemia. Early electrophoresis is recommended in these scenarios to avoid therapeutic delays and foster interdisciplinary cooperation between nephrology and hematology.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cristhian Camilo Velandia-Mosquera, Juan Andrés Galeano Ruiz, Mariana Aguirre Ospina, Mauricio Andrés Briñes Rengifo, Natalia Martínez Arias, Martha Liliana Girón Girón, Diego Fernando Lopez Muñoz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mappoint the scientific landscape of ESKAPE pathogens: Authors, trends, and collaboration networks
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), particularly in ESKAPE pathogens, is a critical global public health threat. These multidrug-resistant pathogens form biofilms, creating an urgent gap with pharmaceutical innovation. Objective: This bibliometric analysis aims to map the conceptual structure and the emerging trends within this scientific field. Methodology: A descriptive, retrospective bibliometric analysis (2015-2025) was conducted on scientific output indexed in the Scopus database. Performance metrics (Lotka's and Bradford's Laws) and scientific mapping were applied. Data processing in R with Bibliometrix was used to analyze keyword co-occurrence networks, international collaboration, and thematic classification. Results: Scientific production shows sustained growth, concentrated in core journals. There is marked geographical inequality, with the highest output from high-income countries. The co-occurrence network confirms solid thematic clusters centered on AMR mechanisms, biofilm formation, and virulence. Discussion: Findings confirm thematic concentration on microbiological fundamentals and the shift toward alternative therapies such as phage therapy and drug repurposing. The centralization of output in high-impact nodes reveals a significant gap in knowledge circulation. Conclusion: The study confirms AMR as a global priority and an expanding field. Transnational collaboration is critical for progress. The main implication is the need to strengthen multicentric research in vulnerable contexts to achieve a comprehensive understanding and ensure the global applicability of therapeutic strategies against ESKAPE.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cristhian Camilo Velandia-Mosquera, Angela María Acosta Castro, Mariana Aguirre Ospina, Andrés Felipe Gómez Sánchez, Juan Camilo Castaño Ospina, Jose Miguel Fierro Santamaría, Diego Fernando Lopez Muñoz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Adult Still's disease, a maternal-fetal risk: A case report
Introduction: Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic autoinflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that, when it occurs during pregnancy, poses a clinical challenge due to the risk of obstetric and systemic complications. Objective: To describe the clinical course, diagnostic approach, and multidisciplinary management of a pregnant woman with AJS, highlighting the maternal and perinatal implications. Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive, single-case report study was conducted with retrospective analysis of the electronic medical record following the CARE guidelines, ensuring confidentiality and informed consent. Discussion: SLE in pregnancy poses diagnostic challenges due to its similarity to serious obstetric conditions. in this case, the patient with a history of systemic inflammatory disease and autoimmune hemolytic anemia progressed favorably under specialized management and multidisciplinary follow-up, which allowed close monitoring of the mother-fetus pair and a positive neonatal outcome despite preterm delivery and premature rupture of membranes. Conclusion: ESA during pregnancy requires a high index of suspicion, timely diagnosis, and interdisciplinary management; individualized therapy and continuous monitoring are essential to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.
Copyright (c) 2025 Claudia Bibiana Peñaranda-Ospina, Cristhian Camilo Velandia-Mosquera, Stephania Vargas-Arrigui, Nicolás Delgado-Garcés, Juan Esteban Grisales-Domínguez, Valeria Llanos-Posso, Melisa Castaño-Rentería https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of quadríceps thickness and handgrip strength in hospitalized individuals: A cross-sectional study
Population aging and the increase in non-communicable chronic diseases have contributed to the occurrence of sarcopenia. This loss of muscle mass and strength is associated with worse clinical outcomes, such as functional disability, prolonged hospitalization, and higher mortality. The objective was to analyze and compare quadriceps muscle thickness and handgrip strength in hospitalized individuals with different chronic diseases. It is an observational, cross-sectional study conducted between August and December 2025, including 14 participants divided into two groups: chronic (n=7) and control (n=7). Quadriceps thickness was assessed by ultrasound (B-mode), and handgrip strength was measured using an electronic dynamometer. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0, applying Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney test, chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test, with p<0.05. The sample showed similar distribution by sex and age (p=0.08). The most prevalent diseases in the chronic group were chronic kidney disease and heart failure (57.1%). The mean length of hospital stay was longer in this group (12.7 ± 9.5 days) compared with the control group (5.6 ± 4.7 days; p=0.04). Lower quadriceps thickness (8.7 ± 2.2 mm vs 12.0 ± 2.4 mm; p=0.02) and reduced handgrip strength (21.9 ± 11.5 kgf vs 35.3 ± 10.9 kgf; p=0.03) were observed among chronic patients. In conclusion, hospitalized patients with chronic diseases showed significant reductions in muscle thickness and handgrip strength, indicating muscle impairment associated with clinical conditions and longer hospital stays.
Copyright (c) 2025 Milena de Souza Pinto, Julio Cesar Ribeiro Filho, Carlos Eduardo de Albuquerque https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of the perception of health students about vaccination against Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Objective: To analyze knowledge and perception about Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among health students. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted between May and October 2024 with health students from different academic semesters in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected using an online structured questionnaire applied through Google Forms®. Students who agreed with the informed consent form and completed all questions were included. Descriptive statistics with absolute and relative frequencies were performed. The study was approved by a Research Ethics Committee (CAAE: 70419923.8.0000.5492). Results: A total of 104 students participated; 80.8% were between 19 and 29 years old and 93.3% were medical students. Most reported having attended lectures on HPV (57.7%), although fewer reported clinical contact with infected patients (38.5%). Complete vaccination coverage was reported by 61.5%, while 24% had not been vaccinated. All participants considered the vaccine safe, and 95.2% supported mandatory vaccination for adolescents. Gaps were identified in knowledge of viral subtypes and vaccines available in the Brazilian public health system. Conclusion: Health students demonstrated a positive perception and adequate general knowledge regarding HPV infection and vaccination. However, specific weaknesses indicate the need for continuous educational strategies during undergraduate training to improve vaccination adherence and health communication.
Copyright (c) 2025 Camilla Beraldo da Silva, Débora Ribeiro Honório Ramos, Deliane Rodrigues Costa, Giovana Tasca Meira, Rebeca De França Bianchim, Patricia Ucelli Simioni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Salivary proteomic analysis for the early detection of smoking-related lesions: A narrative literature review
Smoking is considered a health hazard around the world, with high mortality rates and, above all, harmful consequences that manifest themselves years later. With the potential advances in the use of saliva, as it is a non-invasive, safe, and cheaper collection method for identifying the diagnosis of lesions caused by smoking through proteomic biomarkers, it is being considered a great attractive and useful tool for tests aimed at early results and reflecting the health of the human body. The article presents a qualitative literature review, with little structure and of the specific type of narrative literature review, addressing smoking and saliva, with the aim of detailing the descriptions of each marker that uses the human saliva proteome, showing with data the evidence of their effectiveness and results, also focusing on describing their advantages for use, in addition to discussing some challenges of research in this field.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Vitória Fortuna Macedo, Jéssica Karoline da Cunha, Ana Luiza do Rósario Palma, Daniel Lira Dias, Joyce Nascimento Santos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Dynamics of scientific production on Acrididae (Orthoptera) in Brazil: A bibliometric analysis of authors, themes, and impact
This study presents a bibliometric analysis of scientific production on grasshoppers of the Acrididae family in Brazil, aiming to identify patterns of publication, academic impact, collaboration networks, and thematic structure. Data were collected from the Web of Science and Scopus databases, covering the period from 1979 to 2025. The analysis was conducted using R software, with the Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny packages. Results indicate an irregular scientific output, with occasional peaks and no consistent growth trend. The average impact per document is moderate, and the most productive authors show a relevant h-index, notably ADIS J., ZEFA E., and LECOQ M. National collaboration is predominant, while internationalization remains limited. Thematic maps reveal a predominance of basic taxonomic and ecological studies, with emerging niches in molecular genetics and aquatic ecology. The keyword co-occurrence network highlights thematic fragmentation in the field, with two major clusters: one focused on taxonomy and biogeography, and another on the ecology of wet environments. The conceptual structure map and dendrogram reinforce this division, pointing to the need for greater interdisciplinary integration. It is concluded that research on Acrididae in Brazil has solid foundations but requires thematic renewal, methodological diversification, and expansion of international collaborations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Walmyr Alberto Costa Santos Junior, Nathalia Lucia Colares Freitas, Jean Alberto Gomes Santos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Incidence of cholelithiasis in patients diagnosed with obesity who underwent sleeve gastrectomy vs. laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. A retrospective study
Introduction: Cholelithiasis is a frequent metabolic complication after bariatric surgery, particularly in patients experiencing rapid weight loss and significant postoperative physiological changes. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the rate of weight loss and the development of cholelithiasis in patients undergoing bariatric surgery (gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy). Methods: An analytical, retrospective, and longitudinal observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, including 401 adult patients who underwent bariatric surgery between January 2023 and June 2025. Clinical, anthropometric, and ultrasonographic data were analyzed at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Weight loss rate was expressed in kg/month, and descriptive, bivariate, and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: The incidence of cholelithiasis was similar between surgical techniques at 3 months but significantly higher in the gastric bypass group at 6 months (18.4% vs. 8.5%; p < 0.001). At 3 months, a higher rate of weight loss was independently associated with an increased risk of cholelithiasis, whereas this association was not observed at 6 months. No significant modifying effect of surgical technique was identified. Conclusion: Post-bariatric cholelithiasis was more frequent after gastric bypass; however, weight loss rate emerged as the main factor associated with gallstone formation, regardless of the surgical technique used.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cindy Estephania Franco Cedeño, Jose Daniel Mera Rivas, Nathali Eureka Bencosme Veras, Luis Arsenio Medina Sabando, Carlos Adrian Bustamante García, Gabrielle Vaz de Azevedo David, Frederico Japiassu Santiago, Guilherme Lemos Cotta Pereira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Transition to the circular economy in the Brazilian cosmetics sector: A case study of Natura &Co in light of the National Solid Waste Policy
Overcoming the linear production model is urgent for high environmental impact sectors, such as cosmetics, which in Brazil are under pressure from the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS). Given this context, this article aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges of the transition to a Circular Economy (CE) in this industry, examining its relationship with the instruments of the PNRS. To this end, a qualitative methodology is adopted, based on a case study of Natura &Co, complemented by bibliographic review and documentary analysis. The results reveal that the CE, when articulated with the PNRS instruments, can generate concrete opportunities such as fostering innovation, increasing competitiveness, and reducing costs in the long term, enabled by initiatives like the use of refills and the implementation of reverse logistics. However, the transition faces structural challenges, such as the high burden of initial investment for smaller companies, the limitation of the national recycling infrastructure, low consumer adherence to new practices, and the very complexity of regulatory frameworks. It is concluded that, although the transition to a CE is technically viable and shows specific advances, its consolidation on a large scale depends on multisectoral coordinated action that goes beyond the legal sphere and faces questions about its ability to break with the logic of linear growth, requiring parallel advances in recycling and reuse infrastructure, business innovation, and a broader cultural transformation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Emanuelle Beatriz Porto Soares, Adriana Migliorini Kieckhöfer https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Investigation of biomarkers in neonatal saliva: Their possible prediction and methods for assessing neonatal health
Human saliva is an exocrine biofluid composed of 99.5% water and biomolecules, earning it the designation of "mirror of health and body." For years, scientific literature has documented the potential of salivary biomarkers in diagnostic screening, disease monitoring, prognosis, and prediction, highlighting their stability and the feasibility of repeated sampling, especially in newborns. Despite this potential, saliva is not routinely employed as a specimen for neonatal screening. Thus, this research aims to investigate biomarkers in neonatal saliva, their predictive applications, and methods for assessing neonatal health. Using a qualitative approach and exploratory objective, an integrative literature review was conducted across databases including the CAPES Dissertation and Thesis Catalog, CAPES Journals Portal, PubMed, and SCOPUS, employing the descriptors in Portuguese and English: "Biomarcadores" AND "saliva"; "biomarcadores" AND "saliva" AND "neonatos." Inclusion criteria encompassed studies from the past five years, available online with free access; studies utilizing saliva as a biological specimen; and studies conducted with neonates. Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and all studies were thoroughly reviewed to identify salivary biomarkers. The identified biomarkers were classified into four categories: Gene expression of specific genes; Cytokines; Hormones; and other proteins. Clinical implementation of these biomarkers is contingent upon three key challenges: the need for comparative validation between saliva and blood, acceptance by healthcare professionals, and standardization of protocols within the medical community. Despite these limitations, the evidence presented in the analyzed studies suggests that salivary biomarkers hold considerable promise for revolutionizing neonatal monitoring.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jamile Kisner Lacerda da Silva, Matheus Dellaméa Baldissera, Juliana Fleck, Diulie Valente de Souza, Raquel Tusi Tamiosso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Extraglycemic effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on endothelial function and inflammation: A literature review
Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have demonstrated cardiovascular benefits that extend beyond glycemic control, particularly in the context of coronary artery disease (CAD). This article synthesizes mechanistic and clinical evidence on SGLT2 inhibitors in coronary artery disease (CAD), with emphasis on inflammation, endothelial function, mitochondrial homeostasis, oxidative stress, and cardiac remodeling. A narrative literature review was conducted using the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases (2015–2025), including experimental studies (in vitro/in vivo), clinical trials, and cohort studies published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. Case reports and studies with insufficient clinical information were excluded. No protocol was registered; PRISMA and formal risk-of-bias assessment were not applied. Findings were organized thematically (molecular mechanisms; inflammation/endothelium; mitochondria; oxidative stress; clinical relevance to CAD). SGLT2 inhibitors lower pro-inflammatory mediators (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and favor M2 macrophage polarization. They preserve endothelial integrity—via AMPKα1/ULK1/FUNDC1-dependent mitophagy, reduced ROS, and increased NO bioavailability—and modulate cardiomyocyte metabolism, impacting infarct size and remodeling in experimental models. Clinically, the evidence supports extraglycemic benefits, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular risk. Convergent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and endothelial/mitochondrial effects support an adjunctive role of SGLT2 inhibitors in high-risk CAD profiles, while underscoring the need for randomized trials targeting CAD/MI-specific outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Bruna dos Santos Serra de Alencar, Lucas Diniz Bretas, Bruna Torres de Almeida, Erika Dornellas Staib, Giovana Brilhante Palacios, Vanessa Estato https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Association between autoimmune hepatitis and systemic lupus erythematosus: Case report
Autoimmune diseases have been increasing in global incidence, driven by factors such as environment, genetics and lifestyle. Among these factors, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) stand out due to their complex immunological interaction and potential severity when associated. This study reports the case of a 14-year-old patient, previously accompanied by psychiatric comorbidities, who developed clinical symptoms compatible with AIH concomitantly with SLE. Management included immunosuppression, which resulted in clinical and laboratory improvement. The importance of multidisciplinary follow-up is emphasized, considering the potential of emotional triggers for exacerbations of autoimmune diseases. The correlation between AIH and SLE represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, requiring professionals trained for early identification, therapeutic management and prevention of serious complications. This report, therefore, aims to contribute to the understanding and clinical recognition of AIH-SLE combined, reinforcing the need for targeted investigations in patients with suspected multiple autoimmune diseases.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mariana de Andrade Nogueira, Carolina Yume Arazawa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Counterfeiting of medicines in Brazil: A review
Drug counterfeiting in Brazil represents a growing problem with a significant impact on public health, compromising therapeutic efficacy, patient safety, and public trust in health surveillance systems. The objective of this study was to present updated data on drug counterfeiting in the country, highlighting its consequences for public health, based on information from regulatory bodies such as ANVISA, as well as recent scientific evidence. Through a narrative review, national and international secondary sources were analyzed, including scientific articles, official reports, institutional databases, and technical documents published in the last ten years. The findings indicate that counterfeit drugs may contain inappropriate substances, incorrect dosages, or lack of active ingredients, leading to therapeutic failures, worsening of diseases, and increased microbial resistance. The expansion of e-commerce, socioeconomic vulnerability, and gaps in oversight are factors that facilitate the dissemination of these products in Brazil. In addition to health damage, counterfeiting causes economic losses to the pharmaceutical sector and directly affects the credibility of health institutions. Given this scenario, the need for integrated actions between the government, health professionals, and society is highlighted, involving awareness campaigns, rigorous oversight, and the adoption of traceability technologies, such as the National Drug Control System (SNCM). It is concluded that coordinated and continuous strategies are essential to reduce the circulation of counterfeit medicines and ensure greater safety and confidence in the use of medicines in the country.
Copyright (c) 2025 José Vitor Santos do Nascimento, Carolinne Oliveira Marquez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Clinical and laboratory aspects of sporotrichosis cases in domestic cats (Felis catus) in Fortaleza, Ceará
Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by the fungus Sporothrix spp., historically associated with the handling of contaminated soil and plant material and known as "gardener's disease." Currently, it is notable for its zoonotic transmission, especially through scratches and bites from domestic cats, the main sources of infection. The disease is more prevalent in young, unneutered, and semi-domesticated males. In this context, this study aimed to investigate the presence of Sporothrix spp. in samples from two domestic cats through laboratory analyses, as well as to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of antifungal agents used in treatment. The gold standard diagnosis is culture, but the chosen method depends on the clinical form and laboratory conditions. Treatment involves antifungals such as itraconazole, although increased resistance has reinforced the need for sensitivity testing. In Brazil, despite being a notifiable disease, controlling sporotrichosis remains challenging due to the high fungal load in felines and the complexity of transmission. In this study, samples from two cats from the Vila Velha neighborhood (Fortaleza/CE) were cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar and subjected to sensitivity tests following and adapting CLSI protocols, using ketoconazole (KTZ), itraconazole (ITZ), fluconazole (FLZ), amphotericin B (AMB), and terbinafine (TBF). AMB and TBF showed high fungicidal efficacy (0.03–1.0 µg/mL). KTZ and ITZ were effective against SPN1, while SPN2 showed resistance to ITZ (>16 µg/mL). FLZ was ineffective against both (>64 µg/mL). It is concluded that standardized methodologies are essential to guide treatment and reduce antifungal resistance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rebeca França Rios, Lara Magalhães Peixoto, Victor Hugo Vieira Rodrigues, Lorena Santos Bezerra, Benaya Sanders Carneiro, Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Prevention of patient harm in endodontic clinical practice
Introduction: Patient safety is one of the fundamental pillars of healthcare and one of the critical points in dental services, in which the well-being and safety of the patient must be respected. Objective: To identify the most frequent incidents and adverse events in endodontic practice, as well as the main measures aimed at their prevention. Methodology: The research has a qualitative and descriptive approach, using the Delphi Technique, through consensus among experts. The participants were invited dental surgeons specializing in endodontics, who collaborated by filling out forms. Results: Several incidents resulting from multifactorial errors in endodontic practice were identified, including incorrect diagnosis, instrument fractures, and canal perforations. Among the adverse events reported, allergic reactions to medications, soft tissue injuries due to substance extravasation, and flare-ups stand out. For proper risk management, the strategies identified by the experts were organized into different dimensions: evidence-based clinical practice; continuing and lifelong education; information and communication; standards, routines, and Standard Operating Procedures; organization of work before, during, and after the procedure; and other preventive measures. The panel emphasized that the adoption of a culture of safety, combined with the systematization of clinical processes and organizational accountability, contributes significantly to risk reduction and improved quality of dental care. Conclusion: The implementation of structured risk management measures in endodontics is essential to ensure patient safety and promote an efficient and reliable care environment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriel Cunha Silva, Marcelo Pereira da Rocha, Ingrid Soares Viana, Anna Carolina Farias Machado https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluation of the effectiveness of distance training in Lean Six Sigma Black Belt
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of distance learning Lean Six Sigma training using the Método CPA. The search for distance learning has increased at an exponentially never seen speed, due to the recent pandemic events. In this sense, there is a reaction from educational institutions seeking to meet this demand. These institutions seek to meet students' expectations, train them for the corporate world and compete equally in the market. The subject becomes pertinent to our reality as more students opt for this type of teaching. Mainly seeking versatility in teaching time and physical location, efficiency in learning and practical application in companies of the concepts learned in classes. The development of this research will give us an insight into distance learning and its necessary immersion in society, which is not fully defined. In this way, online Lean Six Sigma Black Belt training will be presented through the company Método CPA. This training is considered a professional course, not falling within technical education, undergraduate or postgraduate studies, therefore it does not require accreditation and supervision from the MEC (Ministry of Education). We will follow all the content of the Lean Six Sigma Black Belt training, its practical relevance within companies and its results with its students, thus positioning ourselves in a general way on this topic. The expected result is to share the training structure to contextualize the research field, demonstrate the results, student evaluation data and completion time, identify coherences and divergences, obtain practical professional results from the application of the Lean Six Sigma methodology and finally contribute to the improvement of distance training in educational institutions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Douglas da Silva Saito, Rodrigo Florêncio da Silva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluation of reported cases of drug poisoning between 2017 and 2022 in the State of Paraná
This study aims to analyze cases of drug poisoning in the state of Paraná, using data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) in the period from 2017 to 2022. Socioeconomic data were collected, such as toxic agent, age group, education, race, sex, circumstances and evolution of cases. The results showed that the drugs were responsible for 59% of the notifications of exogenous intoxication, followed by drugs of abuse and products for home use. As for the age group, young adults (20 to 39 years) had the highest proportion of cases, followed by adolescents (15 to 19 years). Most cases occurred in people with complete high school, white and female. The suicide attempt was identified as the circumstance with the highest percentage of notifications and admittedly a serious public health problem and a significant challenge to be faced. These results highlight the importance of drugs as intoxicating agents and highlight the need for preventive and educational measures for the proper use of these substances. In addition, the predominance of cases in young adults suggests the need for specific prevention and intervention strategies for this group, with emphasis on promoting self-care and education about the appropriate use of substances. The research provides relevant information that can assist in the formulation of public policies to improve pharmaceutical care and promote the rational use of medicines.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jhenifer Donner Sagais, Fernando Antonio Pino Anjolette, Marina Vieira Martins https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Intestinal microbiota and cardiovascular diseases: influence of dietary patterns on de the gut heart axis
Introduction: The gut microbiota plays an essential role in metabolic and immune health, and its dysregulation has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Metabolites such as TMAO promote atherosclerotic processes, whereas short-chain fatty acids exert protective effects. In this context, dietary patterns emerge as the main modulator of microbial composition. Objective: The aim of this review was to analyze how the gut microbiota influences the development of cardiovascular diseases and to evaluate the role of dietary patterns in modulating this relationship. Methodology: This study is a systematic review conducted in the PubMed, Lilacs, and Medline databases, including articles published between 2023 and November 2025. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 studies were selected. Results: The results showed that Mediterranean and plant-based diets increase microbial diversity and the abundance of bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids, which improve cardiometabolic markers. Several studies identified specific species, such as Oscillibacter, associated with lower non-HDL cholesterol levels, suggesting a direct role in lipid metabolism. Microbial metabolites such as PAGln and TMAO were consistently linked to increased inflammation and cardiovascular events. Factors such as sex, ethnicity, and age also influenced the microbial profile associated with cardiovascular risk. In addition, interventions using Lactobacillus plantarum demonstrated a significant reduction in TMAO levels. Conclusion: It is concluded that healthy dietary patterns are essential for optimizing the gut microbiota and reducing cardiovascular risk.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wilson Mateus Dias Ferreira, Alicia Rebeca Barbosa de Sousa, Juliana Calábria Rodrigues dos Santos, Luisa Margareth Carneiro da Silva, Nina Nayara Ferreira Martins https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy: Advances in imaging diagnosis and prognostic implications
Non-compaction cardiomyopathy (NCM) is a cardiomyopathy characterized by prominent myocardial trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses, associated with high clinical and prognostic heterogeneity. The aim of this study is to analyze advances in diagnostic imaging methods for non-compaction cardiomyopathy, with emphasis on the contributions of echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, as well as to discuss their prognostic implications in clinical practice. Diagnosing this condition is a challenge, especially given the variability of morphological criteria and the overlap with physiological patterns of ventricular trabeculation. In this context, cardiovascular imaging methods play a central role in the identification, characterization, and risk stratification of patients. Echocardiography remains the initial assessment tool, while cardiac magnetic resonance imaging stands out for its greater diagnostic accuracy and tissue characterization capabilities, including the detection of myocardial fibrosis through late gadolinium enhancement. Recent advances, such as myocardial strain analysis, three-dimensional techniques, and artificial intelligence applications, have contributed to greater diagnostic accuracy and better prognostic assessment. The integration of structural, functional, and tissue parameters has proven fundamental in differentiating benign forms from presentations associated with a higher risk of heart failure, arrhythmias, and adverse cardiovascular events, reinforcing the importance of a multiparametric approach in the management of non-compaction cardiomyopathy.
Hannah Julia Brandão Medina Dolher Souza
Copyright (c) 2025 João Victor Falcão Batista, Maria Vitória Vargas Breves, Guilherme Gabriel Torres Valente, Luis Thadeu Rebouças Santos, Felipe Pereira Lordão, Thauan Castelo Branco Ferreira Carvalho, Edson Gomes de Jesus Santos, José Henrique Gorgone Zampieri, Hannah Julia Brandão Medina Dolher Souza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Incidence of self-inflicted violence in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis of the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) notifications
Self-inflicted violence is a global collective health issue, which is constantly driven by the development of mental disorders and socioeconomic, cultural and interpersonal issues that affect the population. This study aims to investigate the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on notifications of self-inflicted violence in Brazil and characterize an epidemiological profile using sociodemographic data and other variables, to identify variations in epidemiological profiles and potential underreporting during the pandemic period. Thus, notifications were lifted in the period from 2018 to 2024. The data were analyzed qualitatively, generating an epidemiological and statistical profile, through the Poisson regression test and the negative binomial model. The epidemiological profile characterized points to a predominance of female, white, aged 20 to 29 years and adult life cycle, with complete high school. In addition, self-violence occurred predominantly in one's own home and through poisoning. The results showed a significant increase in notifications of self-inflicted violence in individuals of the mixed-race (“Pardo”), with complete high school education and who already perform this series of behaviors repeatedly. Data filled in as ignored or left blank in the variable race, 5th to 8th grade of elementary school, 15 to 19 years, life cycle (adolescence), and violence considered as non-repetitive or ignored showed a decrease compared to previous years. Thus, it was possible to evidence changes in epidemiological data in the pandemic period, reflecting possible underreporting of self-inflicted violence, evidencing the need for improvements in the notification system, aiming at the availability of real data.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alice Garcia Pádua, Felipe Rodrigues Santiago, Lázaro Pinto Medeiros Neto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Orthorexic eating behavior among dietitians and nutrition students in Brazil: A cross-sectional study of prevalence and agreement between ORTO-15 and DOS-BR
Previous research has reported substantial heterogeneity in prevalence estimates of orthorexic eating behavior. This study aimed to describe its prevalence in a specific academic context and to analyze associated factors. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using two assessment tools (ORTO-15 and DOS-BR), along with sociodemographic, academic, anthropometric, clinical, and dietary intake data. The sample included 309 dietitians and 177 Nutrition college students from a large Brazilian university. According to the ORTO-15, 90.90% of participants were classified as presenting orthorexic eating behavior, whereas 10.90% were classified as at risk/present according to the DOS-BR, with no significant differences between dietitians and students. Agreement between the tools was poor (kappa = 0.024, p = 0.015), and Nutrition students had higher DOS-BR scores. Factors associated with orthorexic eating behavior (DOS-BR) included preoccupation with food additives and calorie content, history of eating disorders, increased concern with food after the Nutrition course reported by family and friends, weighing foods, and self-reported food allergies/intolerances. The findings highlight substantial differences between assessment tools, with the DOS-BR providing a more conservative and psychometrically robust evaluation in this academic context.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hugo Marcos Alves Vilhena Souza, Ariene Silva do Carmo, Luana Caroline dos Santos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Temporal trend of mortality from malignant neoplasm of the larynx in Brazil: Epidemiological analysis based on DATASUS data (1980-2019)
Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of mortality from malignant neoplasm of the larynx in Brazil and regions, using data from the Mortality Information System (SIM/DATASUS). Methodology: Descriptive epidemiological time series study, using secondary data from SIM/DATASUS for the period 1980-2019. A total of 112,693 deaths from malignant neoplasm of the larynx (ICD-10: C32; ICD-9: 161) were analyzed, stratified by sex, age group, geographic region and year of occurrence. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates, temporal trend analysis and Annual Percent Change (APC) were calculated. Results: Male predominance was observed (87.3%; ratio 7.7:1), with concentration in the 60-69 years age group (31.4%). The Southeast region accounted for 49.0% of deaths. The temporal trend showed growth until 1999, followed by significant decline from 2000 onwards (APC 2009-2019: -1.6%). Adjusted rates decreased 38.7% between 2000-2019. Conclusion: Mortality from laryngeal cancer in Brazil shows a significant decreasing trend, reflecting the impact of tobacco control policies. Continuous monitoring is essential for evaluating public policies and guiding prevention strategies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marcela Araujo Pereira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Recurrence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in a pediatric patient
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy characterized by progressive, ascending, and symmetrical flaccid paralysis. It is generally considered a benign condition, as only a small proportion of cases progress to death, most commonly due to acute respiratory failure. GBS is an autoimmune disorder typically preceded by a respiratory or gastrointestinal infection within the previous six weeks, triggering immune-mediated damage to the myelin sheath by activated macrophages. The aim of the present study was to report the case of a child presenting with two clinically compatible episodes suggestive of recurrent Guillain–Barré syndrome. Neurological examination revealed ataxia, with muscle strength graded 2/5 in the lower limbs and 4/5 in the upper limbs. The patient had a prior history of hospitalization at the age of three for thirteen days at a pediatric referral center due to Guillain-Barré syndrome. During the current hospitalization, cerebrospinal fluid analysis demonstrated elevated protein levels, and nerve conduction studies revealed a demyelinating polyneuropathy consistent with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin at a dose of 0.4 g/kg/day for five consecutive days was initiated, with follow-up by the pediatric neurology team, resulting in progressive recovery of muscle strength and improvement in ambulation with support. This case emphasizes the importance of considering Guillain-Barré syndrome recurrence in pediatric patients, despite its rarity and the limited number of cases reported in the literature.
Copyright (c) 2025 Guilherme Augusto Vassoler Panuci, Andrea Helena Érnica Bisol https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0