PME and CaCl2 vacuum infusion maintains the firmness and physicochemical characteristics of tomato fruits
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20574Keywords:
calcium chloride; pectinamethylesterase, Solanum Lycopersicon; Calcium chloride; Pectinamethylesterase; Solanum Lycopersicon.Abstract
Tomato is a fruit of great commercial importance and highly cultivated. However, postharvest losses represent one of the main problems of this crop and can be minimized as alternative techniques. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to maintain tomato firmness by applying calcium chloride-associated pectin-methylesterase (PME) by the vacuum infusion method. Tomatoes of cultivar IAP-6 were submitted to vacuum infusion with water, vacuum infusion with 5% calcium chloride and vacuum infusion with PME associated with 5% calcium chloride, fruits without infusion were used as control. Fresh mass loss, fruit firmness, peel color, soluble solids content, pH, total acidity, PME activity and calcium activity were evaluated. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in a 4x5 factorial scheme with three replications for 12 days, evaluated every 3 days. The means were compared using the Tukey test (p <0.05). Data were analyzed graphically with confidence interval (CI p <0.05). Regarding the loss of fresh mass there was an increase over time in all treatments. The PME + CaCl2 5% treatment was the most suitable for reducing firmness loss, as well as presenting the smallest variation of PME activity, as well as low levels of organic acids. Therefore, vacuum infusion with PME + CaCl2 in tomatoes maintains acceptable firmness and physicochemical characteristics as well as CaCl2 infusion.
References
Aghdam, M. S., Hassanpouraghdam, M. B., Paliyath, G., & Farmani, B. (2012). The language of calcium in postharvest life of fruits, vegetables and flowers. Scientia Horticulturae, 144, 102-15.
Andreuccetti, C., Ferreira, M. D., & Tavares, M. (2005). Market profile of fresh tomato consumers in the Campinas area. Horticultura Brasileira, 23(1), 148-53.
Balic, I, Ejsmentewicz, T, Sanhueza, D, Silva, C, Peredo, T, Olmedo, P, Barros, M, Verdonk, JC, Paredes, R, Meneses, C, Prieto, H, Orellana, A, Defilippi, BG, Campos-Vargas, R. (2014). Biochemical and physiological study of the firmness of table grape berries. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 93, 15-23.
Brackmann, A., Schorr, M. R. W., Pinto, J. A. V., & Venturini, T. L. (2010). Aplicações pré-colheita de cálcio na qualidade pós-colheita de maçãs' Fuji'. Ciência Rural, 40, 1435-8.
Carnelossi, M. A. G., Brecht, J. A., Huber, D., Carvalho, L. M., & Sargent, S. A. (2018, March). Vacuum infusion of pectin methylesterase and calcium maintains firmness of the fresh-cut strawberry. In I Congresso Luso-Brasileiro de Horticultura (I CLBHort), Lisboa, Portugal, 1-4 de novembro de 2017 (pp. 132-40). Associação Portuguesa de Horticultura (APH).
Chitarra, M. I. F., & Chitarra, A. B. (2005). Qualidade pós-colheita de frutos e hortaliças: fisiologia e manuseio. ESAL/FAEPE, Lavras, 783p.
Degraeve, P., Saurel, R., & Coutel, Y. (2003). Pré-tratamento de impregnação a vácuo com pectinmetilesterase para melhorar a firmeza de frutas pasteurizadas. Journal of Food Science , 68 (2), 716-21, doi: doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb05738.x.
Duvetter, T, Fraeye, I, Van Hoang, T, Van Buggenhout, S, Verlent, I, Smout, C. (2005). Effect of pectin methylesterase infusion methods and processing techniques on strawberry firmness. J. Food Scien. 70(6):383–8, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb11460.x.
Fraeye, I., Knockaert, G., Van Buggenhout, S., Duvetter, T., Hendrickx, M., & Van Loey, A. (2009). Infusão enzimática e processamento térmico de morangos: Conversões de pectinas relacionadas à evolução da firmeza. Food Chemistry , 114 (4), 1371-9, doi: doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.11.041.
Galetto, CD, Verdini, RA, Zorrilla, SE & Rubiolo, AC (2010). Congelamento de morangos por imersão em soluções de CaCl2. Food Chemistry , 123 (2), 243-8., doi: doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.04.018.
JEN, JJ & ROBINSON, ML (1984). Enzimas pectolíticas em pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.). Journal of Food Science , 49 (4), 1085-7.
Jolie, RP, Duvetter, T., Van Loey, AM, & Hendrickx, ME (2010). Pectina metilesterase e seu inibidor proteico: uma revisão. Carbohydrate Research , 345 (18), 2583-95, doi: doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2010.10.002.
Khaliq, G., Mohamed, MTM, Ali, A., Ding, P., & Ghazali, HM (2015). Efeito do recobrimento de goma arábica combinada com cloreto de cálcio nas propriedades físico-químicas e qualitativas de frutos de manga (Mangifera indica L.) durante armazenamento em baixa temperatura. Scientia Horticulturae , 190 , 187-94, doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2015.04.020.
Kou, X., Wu, M., Li, L., Wang, S., Xue, Z., Liu, B., & Fei, Y. (2015). Efeitos da imersão em CaCl2 e do revestimento de pululano no desenvolvimento da mancha marrom em pêras 'Huangguan' durante o armazenamento refrigerado. Postharvest biology and technology , 99 , 63-72, doi: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.08.001.
Mahajan, PV, Caleb, OJ, Singh, Z., Watkins, CB, & Geyer, M. (2014). Tratamentos pós-colheita de produtos frescos. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences , 372 (2017), 20130309.
Al-Eryani-Raqeeb, A., Mahmud, TMM, Syed Omar, SR, Mohamed Zaki, AR, & Al-Eryani, AR (2009). Efeitos dos tratamentos com cálcio e quitosana no controle da antracnose e na qualidade pós-colheita do mamão (Carica papaya L.). International Journal of Agricultural Research , 4 (2), 53-68, doi: 10.3923/ijar.2009.53.68.
Mansourbahmani, S., Ghareyazie, B., Kalatejari, S., Mohammadi, RS, & Zarinnia, V. (2017). Efeito da irradiação UV-C pós-colheita e cloreto de cálcio na atividade enzimática e apodrecimento de frutos de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) durante o armazenamento. Journal of integrative Agriculture , 16 (9), 2093-2100.
Martin-Diana, AB, Rico, D., Frias, J., Henehan, GTM, Mulcahy, J., Barat, JM, & Barry-Ryan, C. (2006). Efeito do lactato de cálcio e do choque térmico na textura de alface minimamente processada durante o armazenamento. Journal of Food Engineering , 77 (4), 1069-77.
Ortiz, A., Graell, J., & Lara, I. (2011). As aplicações pré-colheita de cálcio inibem algumas atividades enzimáticas modificadoras da parede celular e atrasam a desmontagem da parede celular na colheita comercial de maçãs 'Fuji Kiku-8'. Postharvest Biology and Technology , 62 (2), 161-7.
Pinto, LKDA, Martins, MLL, Resende, EDD, & Thièbaut, JTL (2011). Atividade da pectinmetilesterase e β-galactosidase durante o amadurecimento de frutos de mamão cv. dourado. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura , 33 (3), 713-22.
Pizato, S., Vega, W. R. C., Prentice-Hernández, C., & Borges, C. D. (2013). Efeito da aplicação de diferentes revestimentos comestíveis na conservação de maçãs ‘Royal Gala’minimamente processadas.
PRATT, H. K. (1962). Studies on the physiology of tomato fruits. III. The effect of ethylene on respiration and ripening behavior of fruits stored at 20℃ after harvest. In Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. (Vol. 81, pp. 467-78).
Rugkong, A., Rose, JK, Lee, SJ, Giovannoni, JJ, O'Neill, MA, & Watkins, CB (2010). Metabolismo da parede celular em tomateiros refrigerados. Postharvest Biology and Technology , 57 (2), 106-13.
Senevirathna, P. A. W. A. N. K., & Daundasekera, W. A. M. (2010). Effect of postharvest calcium chloride vacuum infiltration on the shelf life and quality of tomato (cv.'Thilina'). Ceylon Journal of Science (Biological Sciences), 39(1).
SILVA, W. B., SILVA, G. M. C., SILVA, L. R. D., WALDMAN, W. R., & OLIVEIRA, J. G. D. (2015). Tratamento com cloreto de cálcio na pós-colheita retarda o desverdecimento e a perda de firmeza do mamão UENF/CALIMAN01. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 37, 588-99.
Silveira, A. C., Aguayo, E., Chisari, M., & Artés, F. (2011). Calcium salts and heat treatment for quality retention of fresh-cut ‘Galia’melon. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 62(1), 77-84.
Sirijariyawat, A., Charoenrein, S., & Barrett, D. M. (2012). Texture improvement of fresh and frozen mangoes with pectin methylesterase and calcium infusion. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 92(13), 2581-86.
Song, L, Wang, Z, Wang, Z, Meng, G, Zhai, R., Cai, M., Ma, F., Xu, L. (2016). Screening of cell wall-related genes that are expressed differentially during ripening of pears with different softening characteristics. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 115, 1-8.
Taain, DA, Ibrahim, MAAAH, Al-Sareh, EA. (2010). A study on the effect of postharvest calcium chloride treatments on the storability of mango fruits (Mangifera indica L.). Dirasat: Agricultural Sciences.
Valero, D.; Serrano, M. Calcium treatments In: Valero, D.; Serrano, M. (2010). Postharvest biology and technology for preserving fruit quality. New York: CRS. (1), cap. 6, p.109.
Wen, B., Ström, A., Tasker, A., West, G., & Tucker, G. A. (2013). Effect of silencing the two major tomato fruit pectin methylesterase isoforms on cell wall pectin metabolism. Plant Biology, 15(6), 1025-32.
Werner, E. T., Oliveira Junior, L. F. G. D., Bona, A. P. D., Cavati, B., & Gomes, T. D. U. H. (2009). Efeito do cloreto de cálcio na pós-colheita de goiaba Cortibel. Bragantia, 68, 511-8.
Xisto, A. L. R. P., Abreu, C. M. P. D., Corrêa, A. D., & Santos, C. D. D. (2004). Textura de goiabas" Pedro Sato" submetidas à aplicação de cloreto de cálcio. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 28, 113-8.
Yamamoto, E. L. M., de Araújo Ferreira, R. M., de Oliveira Fernandes, P. L., Albuquerque, L. B., & de Oliveira Alves, E. (2011). Função do cálcio na degradação da parede celular vegetal de frutos. Revista verde de agroecologia e desenvolvimento sustentável, 6(2), 6.
Yao, B. N., Tano, K., Konan, H. K., Bédié, G. K., Oulé, M. K., Koffi-Nevry, R., & Arul, J. (2014). The role of hydrolases in the loss of firmness and of the changes in sugar content during the post-harvest maturation of Carica papaya L. var solo 8. Journal of food science and technology, 51(11), 3309-16.
Zhu, Z., Chen, Y., Zhang, X., & Li, M. (2016). Effect of foliar treatment of sodium selenate on postharvest decay and quality of tomato fruits. Scientia Horticulturae, 198, 304-10.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Marcelle Leite Sobral; Alexandre Passos Oliveira; Pryanka Thuyra Nascimento Fontes; Letícia Ribeiro Pimenta; Daniela Almeida de Assunção; Renata Silva Mann; Marcelo Augusto Gutierrez Carnelossi; Luiz Fernando Ganassali de Oliveira Júnior
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
