Análisis de la calidad del sueño de los docentes de la Universidad Paranaense de Cascavel
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i7.49153Palabras clave:
Sueño, Docentes, Cualidad del Sueño, Enseñanza, Transtornos del Sueño-Vigilia.Resumen
Objetivo: El presente estúdio tenía como objetivo evaluar la calidad del sueño de los docentes de una universidad privada del municipio de Cascavel, en Paraná/Brasil, fundamentado en que el sueño es un mecanismo fisiológico de suma importancia para el metabolismo humano, ya que tiene impacto en diversas funciones ejercidas por el cuerpo. Dado que la alteración del ciclo sueño-vigilia debido a situaciones externas o factores ambientales, uno de ellos siendo el trabajo, provoca el desencadenamiento de transtornos del sueño, impactando negativamente en la salud. Metodología: Investigación transversal y cuanti-cualitativa con análisis descriptivo y muestreo no probabilístico de conveniencia, realizada entre marzo y junio de 2025 con 28 docentes de la Universidad Paranaense (UNIPAR), a partir de la aplicación de cuestionarios en línea, incluyendo la Identificación de Matutinidad-Vespertinidad (IMV) y la Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth (ESE). Resultados: La mayoría de los docentes no presentan somnolencia diurna excesiva (75%), sin embargo, factores como carga horaria extensa, sobrepeso (IMC promedio de 26,94 kg/m²), uso de dispositivos electrónicos antes de dormir (92,9%), y consumo regular de medicamentos (53,6%) indican riesgos para la cualidad del sueño. Además, se identificaron influencias del estado civil, múltiples funciones profesionales y cronotipos divergentes en relación con el horario de trabajo. Conclusión: Aunque los datos no señalan una prevalencia alarmante de transtornos del sueño, si muestran señales relevantes de compromiso de la cualidad del descanso nocturno entre los docentes. Tales hallazgos refuerzan la importancia de medidas institucionales orientadas a la promoción de la salud del trabajador, con enfoco en la higiene del sueño, adecuación de la carga laboral y apoio psicossocial.
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