Movilización miofascial y rendimiento deportivo: Impactos en el desempeño, la recuperación y la prevención de lesiones en atletas de fútbol amateur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i12.50283Palabras clave:
Movilización miofascial, Flexibilidad, Fútbol amateur.Resumen
La movilización miofascial se ha utilizado ampliamente en fisioterapia deportiva por su contribución a la mejora de la movilidad y la función muscular, aspectos esenciales para el rendimiento en el fútbol amateur, un deporte caracterizado por una alta prevalencia de lesiones musculoesqueléticas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la efectividad de la movilización miofascial en la flexibilidad y el rendimiento físico de futbolistas amateurs. Para ello, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica integradora, buscando en bases de datos científicas siguiendo los criterios de inclusión y exclusión definidos, y un análisis cualitativo de los estudios elegibles. Los estudios seleccionados involucraron principalmente a atletas jóvenes, predominantemente hombres, vinculados a equipos universitarios o escolares. Las intervenciones analizadas incluyeron principalmente técnicas de automovilización con un rodillo de espuma aplicado a los principales grupos musculares de las extremidades inferiores, evaluadas mediante pruebas como la sentadilla, el salto vertical y la medición del rango de movimiento. La síntesis de los resultados indicó una mejora significativa en la flexibilidad y, en algunos casos, en el rendimiento físico tras la intervención. Sin embargo, se observó una alta heterogeneidad en los protocolos aplicados y una escasez de estudios brasileños centrados específicamente en la población amateur. En conclusión, la movilización miofascial representa una herramienta potencialmente eficaz y accesible para optimizar el rendimiento físico y prevenir disfunciones musculoesqueléticas en deportistas aficionados. Sin embargo, la falta de estandarización metodológica y la limitada representación de diferentes perfiles de profesionales refuerzan la necesidad de investigaciones futuras más exhaustivas y bien diseñadas.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Rubens França de Almeida, Guilherme Ribeiro Serpa, Lucas Luiz Alves Medeiros, Geraldo Gervan Medeiros Viana, Patrícia Aparecida Tavares
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