Remoção de cloro residual livre da água utilizando sistemas de fotólise por luz ultravioleta: Uma revisão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i11.49725Palavras-chave:
Fotólise, Tratamento de água, Lâmpadas ultravioletas, Remoção de cloro.Resumo
A água, recurso natural essencial à sociedade, é amplamente utilizada em diversos setores, seja como matéria-prima em processos industriais, na agricultura, no lazer, na produção de componentes eletrônicos, cosméticos e fármacos, ou, principalmente, para o abastecimento público. Sua aplicação está diretamente relacionada à qualidade e pureza, determinadas pelo processo de tratamento ao qual é submetida. No tratamento de águas, o cloro é comumente empregado como agente oxidante e desinfetante, atuando como uma barreira contra a contaminação microbiológica. Contudo, mesmo em baixas concentrações, esse químico pode ser prejudicial a equipamentos sensíveis, comprometer a qualidade de produtos finais por meio de reações indesejadas e, em casos de descarte em elevadas concentrações, ser fatal para organismos aquáticos, causando impactos significativos ao ecossistema. Diante disso, a investigação de processos e tecnologias voltadas ao controle e à remoção do cloro residual livre torna-se de grande relevância. Como alternativa a mecanismos usuais de remoção, o processo de fotólise, baseado na exposição à radiação ultravioleta, vem ganhando destaque. Este artigo apresenta uma revisão sobre o uso da fotólise na remoção de cloro livre da água, abordando os mecanismos envolvidos nas reações, os tipos de reatores e os principais parâmetros que influenciam o processo.
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