Epigenética: Cambio hereditários debido a ansiolíticos y antidepressivos

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i17.38961

Palabras clave:

Epigenómica; Metilación; Embarazo; Feto; Medicamentos esenciales; Ansiolíticos.

Resumen

La epigenética es un campo de investigación del área genética en el que se estudia la expresión de los genes, no sólo los que se heredan del padre y de la madre, sino los que se desencadenan a partir de las vivencias del bebé durante el período de gestación, derivados de las experiencias de la madre y que pueda expresarse y modificar el genoma. Este hecho puede ocurrir no solo durante el embarazo, sino también por las vivencias de cada ser humano, desde recién nacido hasta adulto. En este contexto, la epigenética vino a romper la línea de razonamiento de que el gen es “inmutable”, el factor llamado epigenoma, que son “marcas químicas” puede cambiar según factores externos, como el uso de medicamentos antes y durante el embarazo, hormonas del estrés y posibles traumas que generan trastornos del estado de ánimo en individuos vulnerables y que pueden tener efectos hereditarios, modulando así la regulación y expresión génica. El impacto de las psicopatologías y los trastornos anímicos maternos y a lo largo de la vida permiten que los recién nacidos sean psicológicamente vulnerables a los efectos de estos factores derivados de la madre durante el desarrollo, además del temperamento difícil, y los trastornos psiquiátricos se presentan actualmente con mayor frecuencia entre las mujeres embarazadas, aumentando el riesgo de trastornos de salud mental y del comportamiento más adelante en la vida de los niños.

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Publicado

25/12/2022

Cómo citar

OLIVEIRA, H. L. A. de .; NOBRE, N. K. da S. .; PADILHA, D. de M. M. . Epigenética: Cambio hereditários debido a ansiolíticos y antidepressivos . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 17, p. e207111738961, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i17.38961. Disponível em: https://www.rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/38961. Acesso em: 19 may. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud