Revisitando la hipótesis de Bowlby: teoría del apego, maduración neuroendocrina y predisposición a psicopatologías

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.9895

Palabras clave:

Estrés; Glucocorticoides; Hipocampo; Privación materna.

Resumen

Objetivo: Revisar los impactos del estrés infantil en la maduración neuroendocrina del sistema de respuesta al estrés y las relaciones entre los indicadores de estrés y las psicopatologías. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión narrativa de la literatura realizada a través de un relevamiento bibliográfico en libros y en la base de datos Medline-Pubmed. La investigación se realizó sin límite de fechas utilizando las siguientes palabras clave: privación materna, psicopatología, atención materna y eje HPA. Revisión Bibliográfica: Con esta investigación se encontraron 292 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron los artículos para componer esta revisión, clasificados como artículos relacionados con el tema - privación materna, apego y predisposición a psicopatologías. Resultados: Los estudios de laboratorio pioneros sobre los efectos del cuidado materno se remontan a los años 50, luego de ese período se realizaron numerosos estudios para describir las bases moleculares, neurobiológicas y conductuales del apego. Estos estudios demuestran la participación de las citocinas y el eje HPA en la modulación de la unión. La investigación realizada muestra que la interferencia en el sistema de apego entre madre y cachorros conduce a cambios desfavorables para la maduración del SNC. Conclusión: Se concluye que la maduración del sistema de respuesta al estrés está fuertemente modulada por la calidad de la experiencia neonatal, describiéndose estrechas relaciones entre el estrés precoz y la predisposición a psicopatologías en la edad adulta.

Biografía del autor/a

Ana Izabella Freire, Universidade Federal de Viçosa

Possui graduação em Agronomia (2013) e mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas pela Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA (2015). Doutora em Fitotecnia pela Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV (2019) Estagiária na empresa DUPONT DO BRASIL S.A - DIVISÃO PIONEER SEMENTES, atuando com produção de sementes de milho (2013). Tem experiência com ênfase em Produção de Sementes e Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas. Estágios de docência durante o mestrado e doutorado em disciplinas relacionadas a diversas áreas. Licenciada em Letras Português/Inglês pela Faculdade Alfa América. Docente no Centro Universitário UNA durante 2 semestres.

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Publicado

17/11/2020

Cómo citar

SOUZA, A. J. M. de .; FREIRE, A. I. .; SOUZA, F. B. M. de .; ARAUJO , E. G. D. . Revisitando la hipótesis de Bowlby: teoría del apego, maduración neuroendocrina y predisposición a psicopatologías. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 11, p. e3579119895, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i11.9895. Disponível em: https://www.rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/9895. Acesso em: 18 may. 2024.

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