Aspects of the occurrence of depression and suicide risk in health professionals: integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i3.26681Keywords:
Mental Health; Depression; Suicide; Health Personnel.Abstract
The occurrences of depression and suicide are caused by a variety of factors, most of which are motivated by the desire to escape from a life of great psychological suffering. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the scientific production on depression and suicide in health professionals, and to know the aggravating factors for its development during health care practice, from a literature search for studies published between the years 2016 and 2022. The searches were made in the electronic journals Scopus, PubMed, Cinahl and Medline. Using the guiding question: What are the repercussions and main causes of depression and suicide in healthcare professionals? As results, associations were observed between depression and suicidal ideation and work hours, job satisfaction and appreciation, sleep disturbances, bullying, sexism and discrimination; blame culture, shame and fear of reporting; lack of support; stigma and a perceived need to appear invulnerable; work/family conflict, social isolation and alcohol abuse. Therefore, the impacts common to these psychopathologies can induce adverse health care-related events, potentially resulting in patient deaths. It is concluded that the use of harm reduction and prevention strategies, such as the early introduction of psychological and psychiatric therapies, as well as a greater awareness of the population on the subject, predisposes to a decrease in the prevalence rates of depression and suicide.
References
Alvarado, R., Ramírez, J., Cortés, M., Aguirre, J., Bedregal, P., Allel, K., ... & Alarcãn, S. (2021). El impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la salud mental de los trabajadores de la salud en Chile: datos iniciales de The Health Care Workers Study. Revista médica de Chile, 149(8), 1205-1214.
Bryant-Genevier, J., Rao, C. Y., Lopes-Cardozo, B., Kone, A., Rose, C., Thomas, I., Orquiola, D., Lynfield, R., Shah, D., Freeman, L., Becker, S., Williams, A., Gould, D. W., Tiesman, H., Lloyd, G., Hill, L., & Byrkit, R. (2021). Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Suicidal Ideation Among State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Public Health Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, March-April 2021. MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 70(26), 947–952. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7026e1.
Campo-Arias, A., Jiménez-Villamizar, M. P., & Caballero-Domínguez, C. C. (2021). Healthcare workers' distress and perceived discrimination related to COVID-19 in Colombia. Nursing & health sciences, 23(3), 763–767. https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12854.
Correia, C. M., Andrade, I., Gomes, N. P., Rodrigues, G., Cunha, K., & Diniz, N. (2020). Psychosocial care for people with suicidal behavior from the perspective of users and health professionals. Atenção psicossocial às pessoas com comportamento suicida na perspectiva de usuários e profissionais de saúde. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P, 54, e03643. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2019028803643.
Di Tella, M., Romeo, A., Benfante, A., & Castelli, L. (2020). Mental health of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. Journal of evaluation in clinical practice, 26(6), 1583–1587. https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.13444.
Frank, E., Zhao, Z., Fang, Y., Rotenstein, L. S., Sen, S., & Guille, C. (2021). Experiences of Work-Family Conflict and Mental Health Symptoms by Gender Among Physician Parents During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA network open, 4(11), e2134315. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.34315.
Huo, L., Zhou, Y., Li, S., Ning, Y., Zeng, L., Liu, Z., Qian, W., Yang, J., Zhou, X., Liu, T., & Zhang, X. Y. (2021). Burnout and Its Relationship With Depressive Symptoms in Medical Staff During the COVID-19 Epidemic in China. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 616369. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.616369.
Lamb, D., Gnanapragasam, S., Greenberg, N., Bhundia, R., Carr, E., Hotopf, M., Razavi, R., Raine, R., Cross, S., Dewar, A., Docherty, M., Dorrington, S., Hatch, S., Wilson-Jones, C., Leightley, D., Madan, I., Marlow, S., McMullen, I., Rafferty, A. M., Parsons, M., & Wessely, S. (2021). Psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on 4378 UK healthcare workers and ancillary staff: initial baseline data from a cohort study collected during the first wave of the pandemic. Occupational and environmental medicine, 78(11), 801–808. https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2020-107276.
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS medicine, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097.
Monteiro, D. T., Mendes, J. M. R., & Beck, C. L. C. (2019). Health Professionals’ Mental Health: A Look at their Suffering. Trends in Psychology, 27, 993-1006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9788/TP2019.4-12.
Palma, T. de F., Ferreira, M. E. R., Santos, C. B. de A., & Lôbo, L. N. (2019). Panorama da saúde mental e trabalho no Brasil. Revista De Saúde Coletiva Da UEFS, 9, 153–158. https://doi.org/10.13102/rscdauefs.v9i0.4611.
Passos, L., Prazeres, F., Teixeira, A., & Martins, C. (2020). Impact on Mental Health Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal and Brazil. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(18), 6794. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186794.
Petrie, K., Crawford, J., LaMontagne, A. D., Milner, A., Dean, J., Veness, B. G., Christensen, H., & Harvey, S. B. (2020). Working hours, common mental disorder and suicidal ideation among junior doctors in Australia: a cross-sectional survey. BMJ open, 10(1), e033525. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033525.
Pilgrim, J. L., Dorward, R., & Drummer, O. H. (2017). Drug-caused deaths in Australian medical practitioners and health-care professionals. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 112(3), 486–493. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13619.
Riley, R., Buszewicz, M., Kokab, F., Teoh, K., Gopfert, A., Taylor, A. K., Van Hove, M., Martin, J., Appleby, L., & Chew-Graham, C. (2021). Sources of work-related psychological distress experienced by UK-wide foundation and junior doctors: a qualitative study. BMJ open, 11(6), e043521. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043521.
Rubanovich, C. K., Zisook, S., & Bloss, C. S. (2022). Associations Between Privacy-Related Constructs and Depression and Suicide Risk in Health Care Professionals, Trainees, and Students. Academic medicine journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 97(2), 239–246. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000004513.
Sambasivam, R., Vaingankar, J. A., Chong, S. A., Abdin, E., Jeyagurunathan, A., Seow, L. S., Pang, S., & Subramaniam, M. (2016). Positive mental health in outpatients: comparison within diagnostic groups. BMC psychiatry, 16(1), 412. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-1113-1.
Shah, S., Laving, A., Okech-Helu, V. C., & Kumar, M. (2021). Depression and its associated factors: perceived stress, social support, substance use and related sociodemographic risk factors in medical school residents in Nairobi, Kenya. BMC psychiatry, 21(1), 444. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03439-0.
Sousa, L. M. M. De, Firmino, C. F., Marques-Vieira, C. M. A., Severino, S. S. P., & Pestana, H. C. F. C. (2018). Revisões da literatura científica: tipos, métodos e aplicações em enfermagem. Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Reabilitação, 1(1), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.33194/RPER.2018.V1.N1.07.4391.
Whittemore, R., & Knafl, K. (2005). The integrative review: updated methodology. Journal of advanced nursing, 52(5), 546–553. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x.
Xiaoming, X., Ming, A., Su, H., Wo, W., Jianmei, C., Qi, Z., Hua, H., Xuemei, L., Lixia, W., Jun, C., Lei, S., Zhen, L., Lian, D., Jing, L., Handan, Y., Haitang, Q., Xiaoting, H., Xiaorong, C., Ran, C., Qinghua, L., … Li, K. (2020). The psychological status of 8817 hospital workers during COVID-19 Epidemic: A cross-sectional study in Chongqing. Journal of affective disorders, 276, 555–561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.092.
Young, K. P., Kolcz, D. L., O'Sullivan, D. M., Ferrand, J., Fried, J., & Robinson, K. (2021). Health Care Workers' Mental Health and Quality of Life During COVID-19: Results From a Mid-Pandemic, National Survey. Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), 72(2), 122–128. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.202000424.
Yuan, Q., Picco, L., Chang, S., Abdin, E., Chua, B. Y., Ong, S., Yow, K. L., Chong, S. A., & Subramaniam, M. (2017). Attitudes to mental illness among mental health professionals in Singapore and comparisons with the general population. PloS one, 12(11), e0187593. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187593.
Zhou, Y., Wang, W., Sun, Y., Qian, W., Liu, Z., Wang, R., Qi, L., Yang, J., Song, X., Zhou, X., Zeng, L., Liu, T., Li, Z., & Zhang, X. (2020). The prevalence and risk factors of psychological disturbances of frontline medical staff in china under the COVID-19 epidemic: Workload should be concerned. Journal of affective disorders, 277, 510–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.059.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Daniel Alves Cruz; Francisco Wagner dos Santos Sousa ; Keila Maria Paiva da Silva ; Isabel Rodrigues do Nascimento ; Beatriz Nascimento Vieira de Araújo ; Sabrina do Espirito Santo Carvalho ; Iaciara Silva Costa; Ana Beatriz Norberto Nunes Bezerra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
