Dry socket after tooth extractions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v15i4.50975Keywords:
Dry socket, Tooth extraction, Postoperative complications.Abstract
Tooth extraction is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in dentistry, indicated for the removal of teeth compromised by caries, periodontal disease, or other pathological alterations. Although routine, it can generate complications, with dry socket being the most frequent, characterized by premature loss of the clot and bone exposure, causing intense pain and delaying healing. This study aimed to analyze the occurrence, risk factors, and main prevention and treatment strategies for dry socket through a narrative review based on articles published between 2014 and 2024 in the SciELO, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. The analysis allowed the identification of aspects related to etiology, prevalence, clinical management, and preventive measures. The narrative review showed that the prevalence of dry socket is higher in traumatic extractions, especially of lower third molars. The main predisposing factors were smoking, use of oral contraceptives, inadequate oral hygiene, previous infection, and surgical trauma. Preventive measures, such as chlorhexidine, atraumatic techniques, and detailed instructions, have been found to be more effective than treatment. Once established, the condition is treated palliatively through irrigation of the alveolus and the use of analgesic dressings until healing is achieved. In addition to these measures, studies have shown that the application of low-intensity therapeutic laser also helps in the management of alveolitis.
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