Inteligencia Artificial en la Gestión de Recursos Humanos: Una revisión sobre impactos organizacionales y psicológicos

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v15i4.50948

Palabras clave:

Inteligencia Artificial, Gestión de Recursos Humanos, People Analytics, Justicia Organizacional, Contrato Psicológico.

Resumen

La incorporación de herramientas basadas en Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en la Gestión de Recursos Humanos ha transformado la manera en que las organizaciones reclutan, evalúan y retienen personas. Procesos históricamente apoyados en el juicio subjetivo pasan a contar con sistemas capaces de procesar grandes volúmenes de datos e identificar patrones de comportamiento. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar, mediante una revisión narrativa sistemática, las principales contribuciones y desafíos de la IA en la Gestión de Recursos Humanos (GRH), con énfasis en los efectos sobre la percepción de justicia organizacional, la confianza institucional y el contrato psicológico. La metodología implicó búsquedas en las bases Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO y SciELO, con un recorte temporal entre 2010 y 2025. Los resultados indican que, aunque la IA amplía la capacidad analítica y mejora indicadores operativos, su implementación conlleva riesgos relevantes: reproducción de sesgos históricos, erosión de la percepción de justicia procedimental y ruptura del contrato psicológico cuando los criterios algorítmicos no se comunican de forma transparente. Se concluye que los beneficios organizacionales de la IA son reales, pero están condicionados a la existencia de estructuras robustas de gobernanza de datos, directrices éticas explícitas y compromiso con la preservación del juicio humano en las decisiones de mayor impacto.

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Publicado

2026-04-18

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Cómo citar

Inteligencia Artificial en la Gestión de Recursos Humanos: Una revisión sobre impactos organizacionales y psicológicos. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 15, n. 4, p. e5515450948, 2026. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v15i4.50948. Disponível em: https://www.rsdjournal.org/rsd/article/view/50948. Acesso em: 2 may. 2026.